❌不需要直接按壓淋巴結
⭕刺激淋巴管,❌而不是刺激淋巴結
促進淋巴流動,加速淋巴循環. 其實是要傳送訊號給淋巴收集管上方的肌肉。
當平滑肌接收到訊號,就會整體加快收縮。
✅但大部分淋巴結是沒有平滑肌
(極少部分的器官旁淋巴結上可能有,但那也是觸碰不到的深層)
👩⚕️個案問,
要不要壓腋下淋巴結 ?? 要不要壓腹股溝(鼠蹊)淋巴結 ??要壓幾下,多大力??
👉其實是不需要直接按壓在淋巴結
上的
👩⚕️常常個案都把腋下和鼠蹊周邊的組織壓到紅腫,這反而是反效果。
因為不但沒有加速循環和加快流動,後續還造成周邊組織發炎,產生更多組織液。
而因為摸不到淋巴結,個案都力道過大想要壓到淋巴結,導致其他腋下或鼠蹊周邊紅腫,這也會影響到治療師治療時的判斷。
淋巴結有沒有腫大,是治療師每次執行治療時都需要去觀察的,若有莫名腫大,我們需要判斷是否有急性感染, 是否身體免疫系統出現問題,若出現問題,我們才能加快轉診或提醒個案注意皮膚傷口或免疫狀況。
👩⚕️
✅若是想加速上肢或下肢的淋巴循環~
👉上肢: 可以藉由延展stretch手臂內側皮膚或身體側邊靠近腋下的位置,給予神經訊號在這些鄰近位置來幫忙,但不需要真的壓到淋巴結
👉下肢: 同樣可以延展大腿內側,臀部,下腹部位置的皮膚給予淋巴管道刺激, 而不需要壓鼠蹊部.
(以下英文精簡版,看中文版比較清楚喔!)
……………………………………
👩⚕️No need to press the lymph
nodes directly
✅Stimulate the lymph vessels, not the lymph nodes.
Increase lymphatic flow and accelerate lymphatic circulation. In fact, it is to send a signal to the smooth muscles of the collector lymphatic vessel.
When the nerves of the smooth muscle receives the signal, it will accelerate the contraction.
But most lymph nodes have no smooth muscle.
🔽
The cases asked,
Do they need to press the axillary lymph nodes?? Do they want to press the groin lymph nodes??
How much pressure, how many times?
👉Actually, you don’t need to press directly on the lymph nodes.
If you want to speed up the lymphatic circulation of the upper or lower limbs:
Upper extremity: You can stretch the skin on the inside of the arm or the side of the body near the armpit. (Give nerve signals to the smooth muscles and help in these nearby locations, without actually pressing the lymph nodes directly.)
Lower limbs: It can also stretch the inner thighs, buttocks, and lower abdomen to stimulate the lymphatic vessels.
No need to press the groin lymph nodes directly.
#drvodderlymphedema
#drvodderlymphaticdrainage
#drvodder
#淋巴系統
#taichunglymphedema
#lymphaticdrainage
#Lymphaticsystem
@ Taichung, Taiwan
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upper arm中文 在 Roger Chung 鍾一諾 Facebook 的最讚貼文
今早為Asian Medical Students Association Hong Kong (AMSAHK)的新一屆執行委員會就職典禮作致詞分享嘉賓,題目為「疫情中的健康不公平」。
感謝他們的熱情款待以及為整段致詞拍了影片。以下我附上致詞的英文原稿:
It's been my honor to be invited to give the closing remarks for the Inauguration Ceremony for the incoming executive committee of the Asian Medical Students' Association Hong Kong (AMSAHK) this morning. A video has been taken for the remarks I made regarding health inequalities during the COVID-19 pandemic (big thanks to the student who withstood the soreness of her arm for holding the camera up for 15 minutes straight), and here's the transcript of the main body of the speech that goes with this video:
//The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, continues to be rampant around the world since early 2020, resulting in more than 55 million cases and 1.3 million deaths worldwide as of today. (So no! It’s not a hoax for those conspiracy theorists out there!) A higher rate of incidence and deaths, as well as worse health-related quality of life have been widely observed in the socially disadvantaged groups, including people of lower socioeconomic position, older persons, migrants, ethnic minority and communities of color, etc. While epidemiologists and scientists around the world are dedicated in gathering scientific evidence on the specific causes and determinants of the health inequalities observed in different countries and regions, we can apply the Social Determinants of Health Conceptual Framework developed by the World Health Organization team led by the eminent Prof Sir Michael Marmot, world’s leading social epidemiologist, to understand and delineate these social determinants of health inequalities related to the COVID-19 pandemic.
According to this framework, social determinants of health can be largely categorized into two types – 1) the lower stream, intermediary determinants, and 2) the upper stream, structural and macro-environmental determinants. For the COVID-19 pandemic, we realized that the lower stream factors may include material circumstances, such as people’s living and working conditions. For instance, the nature of the occupations of these people of lower socioeconomic position tends to require them to travel outside to work, i.e., they cannot work from home, which is a luxury for people who can afford to do it. This lack of choice in the location of occupation may expose them to greater risk of infection through more transportation and interactions with strangers. We have also seen infection clusters among crowded places like elderly homes, public housing estates, and boarding houses for foreign domestic helpers. Moreover, these socially disadvantaged people tend to have lower financial and social capital – it can be observed that they were more likely to be deprived of personal protective equipment like face masks and hand sanitizers, especially during the earlier days of the pandemic. On the other hand, the upper stream, structural determinants of health may include policies related to public health, education, macroeconomics, social protection and welfare, as well as our governance… and last, but not least, our culture and values. If the socioeconomic and political contexts are not favorable to the socially disadvantaged, their health and well-being will be disproportionately affected by the pandemic. Therefore, if we, as a society, espouse to address and reduce the problem of health inequalities, social determinants of health cannot be overlooked in devising and designing any public health-related strategies, measures and policies.
Although a higher rate of incidence and deaths have been widely observed in the socially disadvantaged groups, especially in countries with severe COVID-19 outbreaks, this phenomenon seems to be less discussed and less covered by media in Hong Kong, where the disease incidence is relatively low when compared with other countries around the world. Before the resurgence of local cases in early July, local spread of COVID-19 was sporadic and most cases were imported. In the earlier days of the pandemic, most cases were primarily imported by travelers and return-students studying overseas, leading to a minor surge between mid-March and mid-April of 874 new cases. Most of these cases during Spring were people who could afford to travel and study abroad, and thus tended to be more well-off. Therefore, some would say the expected social gradient in health impact did not seem to exist in Hong Kong, but may I remind you that, it is only the case when we focus on COVID-19-specific incidence and mortality alone. But can we really deduce from this that COVID-19-related health inequality does not exist in Hong Kong? According to the Social Determinants of Health Framework mentioned earlier, the obvious answer is “No, of course not.” And here’s why…
In addition to the direct disease burden, the COVID-19 outbreak and its associated containment measures (such as economic lockdown, mandatory social distancing, and change of work arrangements) could have unequal wider socioeconomic impacts on the general population, especially in regions with pervasive existing social inequalities. Given the limited resources and capacity of the socioeconomically disadvantaged to respond to emergency and adverse events, their general health and well-being are likely to be unduly and inordinately affected by the abrupt changes in their daily economic and social conditions, like job loss and insecurity, brought about by the COVID-19 outbreak and the corresponding containment and mitigation measures of which the main purpose was supposedly disease prevention and health protection at the first place. As such, focusing only on COVID-19 incidence or mortality as the outcomes of concern to address health inequalities may leave out important aspects of life that contributes significantly to people’s health. Recently, my research team and I collaborated with Sir Michael Marmot in a Hong Kong study, and found that the poor people in Hong Kong fared worse in every aspects of life than their richer counterparts in terms of economic activity, personal protective equipment, personal hygiene practice, as well as well-being and health after the COVID-19 outbreak. We also found that part of the observed health inequality can be attributed to the pandemic and its related containment measures via people’s concerns over their own and their families’ livelihood and economic activity. In other words, health inequalities were contributed by the pandemic even in a city where incidence is relatively low through other social determinants of health that directly concerned the livelihood and economic activity of the people. So in this study, we confirmed that focusing only on the incident and death cases as the outcomes of concern to address health inequalities is like a story half-told, and would severely truncate and distort the reality.
Truth be told, health inequality does not only appear after the pandemic outbreak of COVID-19, it is a pre-existing condition in countries and regions around the world, including Hong Kong. My research over the years have consistently shown that people in lower socioeconomic position tend to have worse physical and mental health status. Nevertheless, precisely because health inequality is nothing new, there are always voices in our society trying to dismiss the problem, arguing that it is only natural to have wealth inequality in any capitalistic society. However, in reckoning with health inequalities, we need to go beyond just figuring out the disparities or differences in health status between the poor and the rich, and we need to raise an ethically relevant question: are these inequalities, disparities and differences remediable? Can they be fixed? Can we do something about them? If they are remediable, and we can do something about them but we haven’t, then we’d say these inequalities are ultimately unjust and unfair. In other words, a society that prides itself in pursuing justice must, and I say must, strive to address and reduce these unfair health inequalities. Borrowing the words from famed sociologist Judith Butler, “the virus alone does not discriminate,” but “social and economic inequality will make sure that it does.” With COVID-19, we learn that it is not only the individuals who are sick, but our society. And it’s time we do something about it.
Thank you very much!//
Please join me in congratulating the incoming executive committee of AMSAHK and giving them the best wishes for their future endeavor!
Roger Chung, PhD
Assistant Professor, CUHK JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, @CUHK Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong 香港中文大學 - CUHK
Associate Director, CUHK Institute of Health Equity
upper arm中文 在 喬的英文筆記 Joe's English Learning Notes Facebook 的最佳解答
英文慣用語 (idiom) 系列廣受同學喜愛,所以再次整理一篇。慣用語它就像中文的成語,常常意思跟表面不同,對於非母語人士必須要多加練習。整理了50個慣用語分享給同學們:
☛ Back to square one 因為上一步的失敗,而必須重新開始
☛ Ahead of the pack 成功領先、出類拔萃
☛ Ballpark number/figure 大概估算的數字
☛ Big picture 一件事的大概整體情況
☛ By the book 依照法律或規則做事
☛ Corner the market 佔領市場
☛ Cut-throat 非常激烈的競賽
☛ Easy come, easy go. 來得容易,去得也快
☛ Game plan 為了成功所設計的策略或計畫
☛ Get down to business 開始談論重要的商務議題
☛ Get something off the ground 開始某件事(項目、商務事項)
☛ Get down the drain 某件事已經浪費或不見了
☛ Go the extra mile 比期望的做得還多
☛ Hands are tied 身不由己、無能為力
☛ In a nutshell 簡言而之
☛ In full swing 進入高潮
☛ In the driver’s seat 負責/控制 某件事情
☛ Keep one’s eye on the ball 完全專注某人的注意力
☛ Learn the ropes 學習某件事的基礎
☛ Long shot 可能性非常低的事
☛ No-brainer 非常淺顯易見或者簡單的事
☛ No strings attached 不受羈絆、不被限制、沒有附帶條件
☛ Not going to fly 不太可能行得通的事情
☛ On the same page 訊息一致
☛ Out in the open 某件事是公開的,不是秘密
☛ Put all one’s eggs in one basket 依賴僅一個方式帶來成功
☛ Put the cart before the horse 用錯的順序來做或思考一件事
☛ Raise the bar 將標準或者期望提高
☛ Red tape 看來多餘或者不必要的官方規則或程序
☛ Rock the boat 做或者說會造成他人生氣/失望或者產生麻煩的事情
☛ Safe bet 一定會發生的事情
☛ Same boat 陷入相同的困境
☛ See eye to eye 同意某人(的說法)
☛ See something through 繼續執行某事到完成
☛ Sever ties 結束關係
☛ Shoot something down 拒絕某件事 (想法或提案)
☛ Smooth sailing 沒有難關的達成成功
☛ Stand one’s ground 不改變一個人的想法或立場
☛ Take the bull by the horns 勇敢或堅定的面對困境
☛ Talk someone into something 說服某人做某事
☛ Talk someone out of something 說服某人不做某事
☛ The elephant in the room 一個沒有人想討論的明顯或具有爭議性的議題
☛ Think outside the box 思考出有創意且不常見的解法
☛ Time’s up. 時間到了
☛ Touch base 聯繫某人
☛ Twist someone’s arm 說服某人做他原本不想做的事
☛ Up in the air 某件沒被決策或不確定的事
☛ Uphill battle 因困境而難達成的事情
☛ Upper hand 比其他人有多的權力且具備控制權
☛ Word of mouth 口傳、口碑、口耳相傳
--
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影片出處:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5YJJkK4Kw88&t=6sFSUMedMedia (youtube影片網站)是來自佛羅里達州-醫藥大學( Florida State University ... ... <看更多>
upper arm中文 在 right upper arm 中文在PTT、Mobile01、FB社團網友們的分享 ... 的必吃
以下這些都會是網友們最近熱推與討論的right upper arm 中文有關! ... <看更多>