張忠謀對半導體供應鏈在地化的致詞引起矚目,我將全文的翻譯,分享給大家:
張忠謀APEC非正式領袖會議致詞全文:(中文在後)
This Informal Retreat has been called to discuss how Asia-Pacific can collaborate to move through the COVID health crisis, and to accelerate the post-COVID economic recovery. Chinese Taipei will address these two topics specifically.
On COVID-19, Chinese Taipei has had an excellent record so far. With a population of 23 million, over the last year and half, and in spite of a recent surge which has now abated, we have had a total of about fifteen thousand infected cases (.07% of the population), and 763 deaths (3 out of one hundred thousand).
We believe that our experience and know-how gained can help other APEC members. We have been, and continue to be willing to help. We have donated masks and other medical supplies to other APEC members in the past and are ready and willing to share our anti-COVID-19 know-how with you.
At the same time, WE NEED HELP! Our vaccination coverage at present is less than 20%. Although the U.S. and Japan have been generous in donating vaccines to us, and our private institutions have succeeded in procuring ten million doses of vaccines, we still need more vaccines, and need them sooner! Most other APEC members need help as well. We must ask for help from the APEC members that possess and produce more vaccines than they themselves need.
On re-vitalizing Post-COVID economy, Chinese Taipei urges free trade among APEC members and in the world, after giving consideration to vital national security needs.
In the past seven decades, free trade has enabled vibrant growth in most APEC economies. Free trade is merely a way in which each APEC economy contributes its own competitive advantage and every APEC member benefits.
Recently, however, we note with concern the tendency to want self-sufficiency or “on-shoring” of semiconductor chips. We must point out that in the past many decades free trade has greatly helped the advance of semiconductor technology. In turn, the ever greater complexity of the technology has caused the supply chain to go “off-shore”.
It would be highly impractical to try to turn back the clock. If it is tried, cost will go up and technology advance may slow. What may happen is that after hundreds of billions and many years have been spent, the result will still be a not-quite-self-sufficient, and high-cost supply chain.
We do recognize national security concerns, and believe that for security applications, a self-sufficient supply chain within one’s own borders is prudent. However, for the much larger civilian market, a supply chain substantially based on free trade system is by far the best approach.
In summary, on COVID-19, Chinese Taipei can help, is ready and willing to help with its know-how, but also needs more vaccines sooner, along with many other APEC members. On Post-COVID economic re-vitalization, Chinese Taipei urges free trade, after giving consideration to vital national security concerns.
(中文翻譯)
此次非正式領袖會議召開的目的是討論亞太地區應如何合作以度過新型冠狀病毒(COVID-19)疫情危機,並加速疫後經濟復甦。中華台北將就這兩個議題表達看法。
面對新型冠狀病毒(COVID-19)疫情,中華台北迄今維持傑出防疫紀錄。我們有兩千三百萬人口,儘管近期疫情曾一度升溫,但目前業已趨緩,在過去超過一年半的時間中,總確診病例數約為一萬五千例(佔總人口0.07%),其中死亡病例數為763例(約為十萬分之三)。
相信我們在過程中得到的經驗與知識能夠協助其他APEC成員。我們持續地願意提供協助。過去我們曾捐贈口罩與其他醫療物資予其他APEC成員,現在也準備好與你們分享我們抗疫的知識。
同時,我們也需要幫助!目前我們的疫苗注射覆蓋率低於20%。雖然美國與日本已慷慨捐贈疫苗,我們的民間機構也已成功採購一千萬劑,我們仍然需要更多數量的疫苗,而且需要儘快取得!其他多數的APEC成員也需要幫助。我們需要向目前擁有並生產超過他們自身所需疫苗數量的APEC成員尋求協助。
針對疫後經濟復甦,中華台北敦促APEC成員,在考慮重要國家安全需求後,彼此間及與全球進行自由貿易。
在過去70年,自由貿易使多數APEC經濟體蓬勃發展。自由貿易僅是各APEC經濟體貢獻自己的競爭優勢,而其他APEC成員藉此受惠的方法。
然而近來,我們很關切要求「境內」半導體晶片自給自足的趨勢。我們必需指出,過去數十年的自由貿易大幅促進半導體技術發展。因此,越趨複雜的技術致使供應鏈走向「境外」。
試圖讓時光倒流是相當不切實際的,如果嘗試讓時光倒流,不僅成本將會提升以及技術的進步可能放緩。在花費了數千億與許多年的時間之後,結果仍將是無法充分自給自足且成本很高的供應鏈。
我們認同國家安全的顧慮確實存在,也相信針對國安應用,在國境內存有一個能夠自給自足的供應鏈是審慎的作法。然而,針對規模大得許多的民間市場,一個基於自由貿易體系的供應鏈是最好的作法。
總結來說,針對新型冠狀病毒(COVID-19)疫情,中華台北能夠協助,我們也願意、並準備好以自身的知識與經驗提供協助,但也和其他許多APEC成員一樣,需要儘快取得更多疫苗。關於疫後經濟復甦,中華台北敦促在考慮關鍵國家安全需求後,應該採取自由貿易。
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California Wildfires🔥
🇺🇸加州森林大火持續延燒
你知道嗎?野火 #wildfires 其實是維持生態平衡的必要元素
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California is blessed with a sunny Mediterranean climate that makes it one of the most desirable places to live in the country. But this climate, marked by warm, dry summers and cool, rainy winters also has a dark side. During the summer months, inland areas of California can reach over 38 °C, and rainfall is extremely scarce, making these areas prone to wildfires.
受惠於陽光普照的地中海型氣候,加州一直是美國最受喜愛的居住區。不過這種氣候的特色──溫暖乾燥的夏天,涼爽多雨的冬季──也有其缺點。夏季月份的加州內陸地區,溫度高達 38 度以上,同時降雨量稀少,導致這些地區相當容易發生野火。
✍ be blessed with「受惠於」/climate「氣候」/scarce「稀少的」/be prone to「易於~」
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In fact, wildfires are a natural part of California’s ecosystem, even a necessary one. The seeds of many coniferous trees actually require heat from fires for their seeds to germinate properly. Scientists estimate that before 1850, over 4,000,000 acres burned each year during the fire season, which lasts from July to October. In the old days, the native peoples of California used controlled burns to protect the areas they lived in while at the same time maintaining the natural balance in the ecosystem.
事實上,野火算是加州生態系統的自然現象之一,甚至可以說是必須要素。許多針葉樹的種子需要火的熱度才能發芽。科學家估計,1850年之前,每到六月到十月間的野火季節,就會有超過四百萬英畝的土地被野火燒盡。在過去,加州的原住民會使用「控管燒除」(編註:在受控的範圍下人為引發小型野火,以避免日後發生大型不受控的野火)以保護自己所居住的地方,同時也維持整個生態系統的平衡。
✍ ecosystem「生態系統」/coniferous tree「針葉樹」/germinate「發芽」/acre「英畝=4.046平方公里」/controlled burn「控管燒除」
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In recent years, however, the authorities in California have aggressively suppressed wildfires, causing a buildup of fuel—fallen branches, dead leaves, etc.—which increases the risk of large, uncontrollable fires. For this reason, along with a record-breaking heat wave, California’s 2020 wildfire season has been the worst in recorded history. So far this season, a total of 7,718 fires have burned over 3.4 million acres, which is more than 3% of the state’s land area. The fires have destroyed over 6,000 buildings and resulted in 29 deaths and billions in economic damage.
然而,加州政府當局近年來對野火進行過度的壓制,導致燃料──即掉落的枯枝樹葉等──過度堆積,因此增加了大型不受控的野火發生機會。今年的野火季節,伴隨著破紀錄的熱浪來襲,加州 2020 年野火可以說是歷年來最嚴重的。至今為止,已經有七千七百一十八件野火發生,共燒毀超過三百四十萬英畝的土地,占了全加州土地面積超過百分之三。今年的加州野火已經燒毀超過六千棟建築,造成 29 人死亡,以及數十億美元經濟損失。
✍ authorities「當局」/aggressively「激進地」
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