【標點符號──番外篇】當中文寫作遇到英文用字……
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中文寫作夾雜著英文,已是常見的寫作形態。文稿中,英文字母的大小寫、英式句號的使用與否,以及英文與中式標點(特別是夾注號與引號)的關係,也就成了工作上經常遭遇的小小困擾。趁著冬雨煩心,試著靜下來整理一下我的想法。
必須說明的是,就我所知,目前有關上述的問題並無統一的規範用法,所以以下說的並不一定對,只是作為有興趣者討論的基礎。
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一、英文的夾注、說明、引用,應該置於引號之外。
例1──很明顯,這是一套給「信徒」(believers)看的電影,因為只有信徒,才可以在黑暗中看見光明。
不寫(例1A)──很明顯,這是一套給「信徒(believers)」看的電影……
書名號也是如此:
例2──英國詩人彌爾頓寫的《失樂園》(Paradise Lost)強調,人類的始祖亞當與夏娃「有足夠的能力循規蹈矩,但也可隨自己的意願沉淪墮落。這不是上帝的疏忽,而是上帝的方法。
不寫(例2A)──英國詩人彌爾頓寫的《失樂園(Paradise Lost)》強調……
不只是短詞語,句子也是如此:
例3──馬克吐溫說「真相穿鞋子所需的時間,足夠謊言繞著地球跑半圈」(A lie can travel halfway around the world while the truth is putting on its shoes),指的就是人類喜惡厭善的本性。
不寫(例3A)──馬克吐溫說「真相穿鞋子所需的時間,足夠謊言繞著地球跑半圈(A lie can travel halfway around the world while the truth is putting on its shoes)」,指的是……
二、英文的句子句首字母須大寫,如「例3」。
三、比較複雜的情況是英文句子的句號使用。
作為一個句子局部成份的英文夾注句應省略句號:
例4──痛苦比快樂教會我們更多(Pain teaches us more than pleasure),這個事實,每個成年人都有深刻的感觸。
不寫(例4A):痛苦比快樂教會我們更多(Pain teaches us more than pleasure.),這個事實,每個成年人都有深刻的感觸。
間接引語的英文句號應省略:
例5──馬克思說,哲學家以不同的方式解讀世界,但世界需要的不是解讀,而是改變(The philosophers have only interpreted the world, in various ways: the point, however, is to change it)。
不寫(例5A)──馬克思說,哲學家以不同的方式解讀世界,但世界需要的不是解讀,而是改變(The philosophers have only interpreted the world, in various ways: the point, however, is to change it.)。
也不寫(例5B)──馬克思說,哲學家以不同的方式解讀世界,但世界需要的不是解讀,而是改變。(The philosophers have only interpreted the world, in various ways: the point, however, is to change it.)
注意,只有完全直接引語的句式,因為中式句號(。)必須在下引號(」)之內,所以夾注的英文必須使用英式句號(.)。當然,英文句末若是問號或驚嘆號,則都必須保留。
例6──馬克思說:「哲學家以不同的方式解讀世界,但世界需要的不是解讀,而是改變。」(The philosophers have only interpreted the world, in various ways: the point, however, is to change it.)
例7──鮑勃‧迪倫傳頌一時的〈風中飄揚〉(Blowing in the Wind)有一句「面對不公不義,一個人可以假裝沒有看見,掉頭就走多少次?」(How many times can a man turn his head and pretend that he just doesn’t see?),不知鼓舞了多少義憤填膺的人挺身而出。
四、如果中文作為英文的夾注?
因為句型還是中文句,所以英文句的引號應用中式引號(「」);同時,因為句型是中文句,英文句未的英文句號也應省略。
例8──小說《老人與海》有一句話傳頌一時:「A man can be destroyed but not defeated」(真漢子寧死不屈)。
不寫(例8A)──小說《老人與海》有一句話傳頌一時:”A man can be destroyed but not defeated”(真漢子寧死不屈)。
也不寫(例8B)──小說《老人與海》有一句話傳頌一時:「A man can be destroyed but not defeated.」(真漢子寧死不屈)。
#不過,「例8」是值得商榷的,因為這違反中文句式直接引語的句號必須在下引號之內的規範。
或許可以改為(例8C)──小說《老人與海》有一句話傳頌一時:「A man can be destroyed but not defeated(真漢子寧死不屈)。」
但這一來又違反夾注號不應在引號內的規範,見「例1」。這問題的確有點麻煩。
五、如果是整段或多段英文引用,因為句子是英文句,所以英文應使用英式引號(””),並加英式句號。
例9──美國作家懷特(E.B. White)在《這裡是紐約》(Here is New York)寫到城市與個人的命運,文字簡潔流暢:
“Many of its settlers are probably here to escape, not face, reality.”
(很多移民來到這裡是為了逃避,不是面對現實。)
“It can destroy an individual, or it can fulfill him, depending on a good deal on luck. No one should come to New York to live unless he is willing to be luck.”
(紐約可以毀掉一個人,也可以成就一個人,視乎運氣而定……)
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#這是《一次搞懂標點符號》書中沒有的,為讀者作一點補充。
《一次搞懂標點符號》
https://www.books.com.tw/products/0010801802?sloc=main
同時也有1部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過3萬的網紅Brian2Taiwan,也在其Youtube影片中提到,Taiwan Gay Pride in Taipei began with the first parade happening in 2003 with only 20,000 participants. Last year’s parade reported around 137,000 peo...
how come句型 在 辣媽英文天后 林俐 Carol Facebook 的最讚貼文
❤️ 俐媽英文教室:The Last Lecture
只剩六個月壽命的大學教授Randy Pausch,會留給我們什麼精采的人生對話呢?
🏈If you can dream it, you can do it.
🏈We cannot change the cards we are dealt, just how we play the hand.
🏈Open the encyclopedia. Open the dictionary. Open your mind.
🏈You've got to get the fundamentals down, because otherwise the fancy stuff is not going to work.
🏈Self-esteem is not something you can give; it's something children have to build.
🏈Tenacity is a virtue.
🏈The brick walls are there for a reason. They're not there to keep us out. The brick walls are there to give us a chance to show how badly we want something.
🏈Look, I'm going to find a way to be happy, and I'd really love to be happy with you, but if I can't be happy with you, then I'll find a way to be happy without you.
🏈Live in the moment.
🏈Luck is indeed where preparation meets opportunity.
🏈Do not focus on little issues while ignoring the major ones.
🏈The person who failed often knows how to avoid future failures. The person who knows only success can be more oblivious to all the pitfalls.
🏈Hard work is like compound interest in the bank. The rewards build faster.
🏈A good apology is like an antibiotic; a bad apology is like rubbing salt in the wound.
🏈If you want something bad enough, never give up.
🏈Kids, don't try to figure out what I wanted you to become. I want you to become what you want to become.
🏈If you lead your life the right way, the karma will take care of itself. The dreams will come to you.
🏆 重點句型:
🎾Left at the bottom of the box was "hope." 此為主詞與主詞補語對調的倒裝句,原句為:"Hope" was left at the bottom of the box.
🎾I insisted that she be given another ultrasound. 動詞insist表"堅持",為意志動詞之一,因此後面的that子句應為S + (should) + V,故原句為...that she should be given another...,而should省略之後留下that she be given...的形式。
🎾If I were able to live, we'd be making those mistakes together.表「與現在事實相反」的假設語氣應用過去式,而此時be動詞固定使用were。本句亦可倒裝為:Were I able to live, ...
how come句型 在 南德的卡多芬人生 Life in Germany Facebook 的最讚貼文
德文課小趣事~
以邀請客人來家裡一起晚餐為題目做小組對話練習,
當我說出我的問句時,全場大驚!!!
連老師都目瞪口呆,然後哄堂大笑...囧
因為我說了...
Wie viele Leute haben wir zum Abendessen?(天真無邪的燦笑)
(我們有多少人當晚餐呢?)
白話版:晚餐我們要吃幾個人呢?
正確的德文句型為...
Wie viele Leute haben wir zum Abendessen eingeladen?
(我們邀請了多少位客人來晚餐呢?)
Wie viele Gäste kommen zum Abendessen?
(我們有多少位客人前來晚餐呢?)
呼~ 希望他們不會以為亞洲人什麼都吃! XD
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A funny thing in my german class!
When i had a conversation to practice german,
i said something and everyone got scared...
I said...
"Wie viele Leute haben wir zum Abendessen?"
(how many people do we have for dinner?)
actually i should say...
"Wie viele Leute haben wir zum Abendessen eingeladen?" or
"Wie viele Gäste kommen zum Abendessen?"
(how many people come for dinner?)
hmm...i hope they don't think asian eat everything! XD
how come句型 在 Brian2Taiwan Youtube 的精選貼文
Taiwan Gay Pride in Taipei began with the first parade happening in 2003 with only 20,000 participants. Last year’s parade reported around 137,000 people attending. Today I want to explain the history of Taipei’s Gay Pride, the largest in Asia and the first in the Chinese community.
Also, did you know that Pride in Taipei is different from Western countries? From the time to how the parade works to what people wear, I explain the differences between Western Pride celebrations and Taiwan’s unique parade. I also share my own story from my first experience at Taiwan Pride.
Finally, today I introduce my new clip-end segment, One Video, One Bit of Taiwanese. I’m going to try to make this a recurring part of my videos where I teach a Taiwanese (Minnan or Southern Hollies) word, saying, or sentence related to the content at the end of each video. Watch to the end to see this segment~
Want to come to Taipei for Pride in October? Or maybe just plan a trip to Taiwan? Click below to checkout deals on flights starting at 15% off~
https://bit.ly/31PlnJq
台灣的第一次同志大遊行在2003年舉辦。那一年只有兩萬人參加。去年的人數大約13萬7千個人。 台灣的大遊行也是亞洲第一名最大也是華人國家第一個。今天我來講一下台灣同志大遊行的歷史。
另外,你知道台灣的同志大遊行跟許多地方國家的不太一樣嗎?時間,遊行方式,還有參與人穿的服裝都有一些不一樣的。我結束幾個西方國家跟台灣的同志大遊行的不一樣,也分享我自己第一次去台北同志大遊行的一個小故事。
最後,今天的影片也有文新的一個企劃
我以後在每部影片後面會加一個跟那部影片有關的台語(閩南話)的單字說,法或,句型
看到最後才會看到這部分喔~
Taiwan Pride website:
https://www.twpride.org
Taiwan Pride Facebook:
https://www.facebook.com/Taiwan.LGBT.Pride/
Youtube:
https://www.youtube.com/c/Brian2Taiwan
Facebook:
https://www.facebook.com/Brian2Taiwan
Instagram:
www.instagram.com/Brian2Taiwan
Twitter:
@Brian2Taiwan
Music:
Nimbus - Eveningland Music
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCi0uheSErbivC3_662UqL-w
#pride #布萊恩 #TaiwanPride