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#sepsis
• 鑑別診斷（SHOCK'D）：
Septic, spinal (neurogenic)
Hypovolemic, hemorrhagic
Obstructive (pulmonary embolism, tension pneumothorax, tamponade)
Cardiogenic, compartment syndrome (abdominal)
K: Anaphyla'k'tic, endo'k'rine
Drugs
• 平均血壓（1/3 SBP + 2/3 DBP）比 SBP 更重要（例如：血壓 110/40 比 90/60 mmHg 更差）。
• 靜脈輸液時，能同時用 norepinephrine。
• 避免過度靜脈輸液：用被動抬腳測試輸液反應性（https://www.facebook.com/1484893288/posts/10216910124173758?sfns=mo）。
• 休克指標（心跳速率/SBP）：> 0.7 能預測 SIRS，> 1 能預測血清乳酸上升。
Spinal shock was first explored by Whytt in 1750 as a loss of sensation accompanied by motor paralysis with initial loss but gradual recovery of reflexes, ...
#2. Spinal Shock - Physiopedia
Also known as spinal shock syndrome, spinal shock is the loss of muscle tone and spinal reflexes below the level of a severe spinal cord lesion.
這是急診室常見的場景………現在接下來對於脊髓損傷作一簡單且深入的介紹：脊髓損傷涵蓋頸、胸及高位腰椎，統稱為脊椎傷害(SPINAL CORD INJURY)。 在其餘腰椎方面現在也多被列 ...
#4. Spinal Shock - Mayo Clinic Proceedings
The term “spinal shock” applies to all phenomena surrounding physiologic or anatomic transection of the spinal cord that results in temporary loss or ...
#5. What Is a Spinal Shock? Symptoms, Causes and How Long it ...
Spinal shock is to spinal cord injuries as fevers are to infections. Spinal shock is merely a symptom of an underlying problem, not a disease itself. Spinal ...
#6. Spinal Shock - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
Spinal shock occurs following an acute spinal cord injury and involves a reversible loss of all neurological function, including reflexes and rectal tone, ...
#7. What is the role of spinal shock in the pathophysiology of ...
In this article, spinal shock is defined as the complete loss of all neurologic function, including reflexes and rectal tone, below a specific level that is ...
#8. Spinal shock revisited: a four-phase model - Nature
Spinal shock has been known for over two centuries. Its hallmark is the transient suppression and gradual return of reflex activity caudal to ...
#9. Spinal cord injury - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic
A spinal cord injury — damage to any part of the spinal cord or nerves at the end of the spinal canal (cauda equina) — often causes ...
#10. Spinal Shock: Differentiation from Neurogenic Shock and Key ...
Spinal shock occurs in phases (I–IV) that are temporally distributed over a period of weeks to months, whereas neurogenic shock tends to have ...
#11. Neurogenic Shock Versus Spinal Shock - YouTube
In neurogenic shock, the entire nervous system is affected ... Spinal shock may cause paralysis and loss of sensation below the injury.
#12. Spinal Shock - Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics
spinal shock involves a spinal cord concussion which usually invovles 24-72 hour period of paralysis, hypotonia, & areflexia, and
#13. Spinal shock - Cancer Therapy Advisor
Spinal shock refers to a clinical syndrome characterized by the loss of reflex, motor and sensory function below the level of a spinal cord injury (SCI).
#14. What Is Spinal Shock? How Do I Know When It Is Over? - Healio
Spinal shock is a combination of areflexia/hyporeflexia and autonomic dysfunction that accompanies spinal cord injury.
#15. Spinal Cord Injuries - Spine - Orthobullets
an injury with no spared motor or sensory function below the affected level. · patients must have recovered from spinal shock (bulbocavernosus reflex is intact) ...
#16. Trauma Service : Spinal cord injury - The Royal Children's ...
Spinal shock · Which is like a concussion of the cord without permanent damage; · Which may exist alone, or in combination with permanent cord injury. · Which, in ...
#17. Spinal Shock: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment | Flint Rehab
Spinal shock describes the temporary loss of all reflexes, sensation, and motor control below one's level of spinal cord injury.
#18. Pattern of Reflex Evolution during Spinal Shock - :: KJNT ...
Neurogenic shock is hemodynamic changes, one of autonomic components during the acute phase of spinal cord injury, which is caused by loss of ...
#19. Acute traumatic spinal cord injury - UpToDate
Spinal cord injury has become epidemic in modern society. Despite advances made in the understanding of the pathogenesis and improvements in ...
#20. Spinal shock - SlideShare
2. Spinal shock – phenomena surrounding physiologic or anatomic transaction of the spinal cord that results in temporary loss or depression of ...
#21. Spinal cord injury - WHO | World Health Organization
WHO fact sheet on spinal cord injury provides key facts, understanding, demographic trends, mortality, health economic consequences, ...
#22. Neurogenic Shock: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
Neurogenic shock is a life-threatening condition caused by irregular blood circulation in the body. Trauma or injury to the spine can cause this disruption.
#23. Spinal Shock in Spinal Cord Injuries - Is Duration of Shock...
Methods: 116 patients in spinal shock following SCI were included. A detailed neurological examination of sensory, motor and reflex activity was done ...
#24. Spinal Shock (Nursing) Article - StatPearls
The primary causes of spinal shock are accidental or intentional spinal cord trauma with collisions remaining a common cause. The most common ...
#25. Spinal Shockâ•flComparative Aspects and Clinical Relevance
Spinal shock is the loss of muscle tone and segmental spinal reflexes that develops caudal to a severe spinal cord injury. Although.
#26. Complete spinal cord injury - Knowledge @ AMBOSS
Complete spinal cord injury is the complete sensory and motor loss below the site of spinal cord injury following acute or chronic ...
#27. (PDF) Spinal Shock: Differentiation from Neurogenic Shock ...
PDF | On Jun 24, 2020, Keith Conti and others published Spinal Shock: Differentiation from Neurogenic Shock and Key Management Approaches | Find, read and ...
#28. Assessment and Treatment of Spinal Cord Injuries and ... - JEMS
Spinal shock : Characterized by similar cardiovascular signs of neurogenic shock (bradycardic, hypotensive and hypothermic) but more often ...
#29. Spinal Trauma - Injuries; Poisoning - MSD Manuals
Spinal cord injury ... During a typical year, there are about 12,000 spinal cord injuries in the US or 40 cases per million persons per year. ... The remainder of ...
#30. Acute Spinal Cord Injury | Johns Hopkins Medicine
Acute spinal cord injury (SCI) is due to a traumatic injury that bruises, partially tears, or completely tears the spinal cord. SCI is a common cause of ...
#31. Spinal injury: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
Causes · Bullet or stab wound · Fracture of the spine · Traumatic injury to the face, neck, head, chest, or back (for example, a car accident) ...
#32. Spinal Shock: How To Recover From It - Comprehensive ...
What Is Spinal Shock? ... This condition is simply a temporary reduction or loss of reflexes after an injury. It's usually a combination of ...
#33. paper 191: duration of spinal shock in spinal cord injuries
Purpose: A study was done to determine the duration of spinal shock in spinal cord injury (SCI)- the first reflex to return while recovering ...
#34. Spinal shock in dogs and humans: clinical and comparative ...
Spinal shock is clinically presented as decreased or absent spinal reflexes caudal to the spinal cord injury site. The areflexia of SS persists ...
#35. What You Should Know About Neurogenic Shock - WebMD
Neurogenic shock occurs when blood vessels stop working properly and don't push enough blood through the body. You don't experience blood loss, ...
#36. What, If Anything, Is Spinal Shock? - JAMA Network
The term "spinal shock" describes the sudden and transient suppression of neural functions below the level of acute spinal cord lesions, usually in the ...
#37. Spinal shock - University of Minnesota Duluth
Spinal shock --- a long-term depression of spinal reflexes --- occurs immediately following spinal cord transection.
#38. Initial management of acute spinal cord injury | BJA Education
A spinal cord injury (SCI) is defined as damage to the spinal cord caused by an insult resulting in the transient or permanent loss of usual ...
#39. Acute Spinal Injury | NEJM
The goal of management of injury of the spinal cord or cauda equina is, if possible, to reduce the resultant neurologic deficit and prevent ...
#40. What is Spinal Shock? - Stony Brook Emergency Medicine ...
Patient does not sense noxious stimuli to either lower extremity. CT imaging of the spine is negative for acute traumatic injury. MRI of the ...
#41. How do spinal cord injuries affect the body? - University of ...
The spinal nerves below the level of injury get signals, but they are not able to ... When spinal shock ends, spasticity or stiffness starts below the level ...
#42. Trauma: Spinal Cord Injury
injury severity, the presence of associated traumatic brain injury, and cerebrovascular damage occurring with cervical spine injury.4,5 SCI may result in ...
#43. Trauma! Spinal Injury - Life in the Fast Lane
The patient's vital signs are consistent with neurogenic shock. Spinal shock is not a true form of shock. It refers to the flaccid areflexia ...
#44. Spinal Shock | SpringerLink
The phenomenon in which tone and reflex activity disappear completely below the level of injury is called spinal shock. That is, spinal shock is ...
#45. Acute Spinal Cord Injury | Cedars-Sinai
A traumatic injury to the spine can cause a bruise, a partial tear, or a complete tear in the spinal cord. Read on for details about causes, symptoms, ...
#46. CE Article: Spinal Cord Injury and Neurogenic Shock - HMP ...
Neurogenic shock is a form of distributive shock that occurs in 20% of cases of cervical SCI.17 It is caused by disruption of sympathetic output from the spinal ...
#47. Spinal injury: assessment and initial management | Guidance
This guideline covers the assessment and early management of spinal column and spinal cord injury in pre-hospital settings (including ...
#48. Spinal Cord Injury: Autonomic Dysreflexia | Michigan Medicine
Top of the page Spinal Cord Injury: Autonomic Dysreflexia Topic OverviewAutonomic dysreflexia is a syndrome in which there is a sudden onset of excessively ...
#49. Spinal Cord Injury - American Association of Neurological ...
Nearly 50% of all SCIs are complete. Both sides of the body are equally affected. Even with a complete SCI, the spinal cord is rarely cut or transected. More ...
#50. Spinal Cord Injury - OpenAnesthesia
Spinal Cord Injury. Prehospital. Incidence and Background. The incidence of cervical spine injury is only 1-3% in adult head trauma, and ...
#51. Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) Clinical Pathway - Children's Hospital ...
The suspected traumatic spinal cord injury clinical pathway outlines the care plan for assessment and treatment of spinal cord injury in the emergency ...
#52. Spinal shock - WikEM
Cord lesions cannot be deemed complete until spinal shock has resolved. Can think of it as a "concussion" of the spinal cord ...
#53. Spinal Cord Injury: Types, Symptoms, Causes & Treatment
A spinal cord injury damages the spinal cord itself or nearby tissues and bones. Depending on the severity of the injury, ...
#54. American Spinal Injury Association - The premier North ...
The premier North American organization in the field of Spinal Cord Injury Care, Education, and Research.
#55. Understanding Spinal Cord Injury
What you should know about spinal cord injury and recovery ... people who have sustained a spinal cord injury, as well as medical experts and advocates.
#56. Acute Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) in Children
Acute spinal cord injury (SCI) is when the spinal cord is damaged from an accident or other situation. An SCI may be a bruise (contusion), a partial tear, ...
#57. Symptoms of Spinal Cord Injury | Stanford Health Care
At first, the patient may experience spinal shock, which causes loss of feeling, muscle movement, and reflexes below the level of injury.
#58. From spinal shock to spasticity | Neurology
The term “spinal shock” was introduced to describe the clinical state in patients with acute spinal cord injury (SCI) with muscle paralysis, ...
#59. What kind of shock? Spinal shock? - Northwell Emergency ...
If there is no rectal tone or bulbocavernosus reflex then it is impossible to tell: spinal shock patients lose reflexes below the level of their cord injury.
#60. Pattern of Reflex Evolution during Spinal Shock - KoreaMed ...
Neurogenic shock is hemodynamic changes, one of autonomic components during the acute phase of spinal cord injury, which is caused by loss of ...
#61. spinal shock - APA Dictionary of Psychology
spinal shock a temporary loss of reflex functions below the site of an injury to the spinal cord.
#62. SPINAL CORD INJURY AND BLADDER FUNCTION | LHSC
Intermittent catheterization decreases the risk for urinary tract infections. Considerations. Immediately following acute spinal cord injury, spinal shock ...
#63. Medical Definition of spinal shock - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of SPINAL SHOCK is a temporary condition following transection of the spinal cord that is characterized by muscular flaccidity and loss of motor ...
#64. Is Duration of Shock Related to Neurological Level? - The ...
After spinal cord injury the first reflex to return, duration of spinal shock & the influence of variable factors on duration. Methods. 116 patients in spinal ...
#65. Spinal cord injury - Christopher Reeve Foundation
Spinal cord injury occurs when something interferes with the function or structure of the cord. This can include consequences of a medical illness or trauma ...
#66. Spinal Injury - Symptoms & First Aid Advice | St John Ambulance
Find first aid advice for spinal injuries in adults, children and babies, including the symptoms of spinal cord injuries, such as a bruised spine, ...
#67. Clinical Practice Guidelines: Trauma/Spinal cord injury
To ensure a consistent appproach to the management of a patient with a spinal cord injury. Scope. Applies to Queensland Ambulance Service (QAS) clinical ...
#68. Spinal Cord Injury - Columbia University Irving Medical Center
What is an acute spinal cord injury? The spinal cord is a bundle of nerves that carries messages between the brain and the rest of the body.
#69. Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury: An Overview of Pathophysiology ...
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is a life changing neurological condition with substantial socioeconomic implications for patients and ...
#70. Neurogenic Shock and Spinal Shock CDI Scenario
Query for Spinal shock or spinal cord injury based on the CT findings that suggest a hypointense foci and transient paralysis exhibited by the ...
#71. Spinal Cord Injury | Doctor - Patient.info
Despite the cervical spine being injured in only 3% of blunt trauma victims, the results can be catastrophic due to spinal cord injury. The ...
#72. Cardiovascular complications of spinal cord injury - Tidsskrift ...
Injuries to the autonomic nervous system are the cause of many of the cardiovascular complications following a spinal cord injury.
#73. Spinal Cord Injury - Relias Media
There are four phases of spinal shock characterized by: 1) acute areflexia/hyporeflexia (0-1 day); 2) return of cutaneous reflexes (1-3 days); 3 ...
#74. Testing Spinal Cord Injuries: The ASIA Exam - UPMC
An ASIA exam will help Determine which parts of the body are working normally and which parts are affected by the spinal cord injury, classify the level of ...
#75. Case 38 - Acutesurgery: spinal and neurogenic shock
Spinal shock occurs with the loss of autonomic and reflex activity of the spinal cord caudal to the injury, resulting in the characteristic flaccid paralysis.
#76. Spinal Trauma-Introduction
Spinal shock is a combination of loss of and decreased reflexes and autonomic dysfunction that accompanies SCI. Skeletal and smooth muscles are therefore ...
#77. The impact of blood pressure management after spinal cord ...
Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in significant morbidity and mortality. Improving neurological recovery by reducing secondary injury is a major principle ...
#78. Pain after Spinal Cord Injury - Model Systems Knowledge ...
Neuropathic pain ("neurogenic pain") is caused by abnormal communication between the nerves that were damaged by your spinal cord injury and the brain, ...
#79. Spinal Cord Injury - Medical Home Portal
Spinal cord injury results from direct injury to the cord or indirectly from disease. Information and tools to detect signs and symptoms of SCI in children.
#80. Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury – PM&R KnowledgeNow
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) refers to a trauma to the spinal cord leading to impaired motor, sensory, and/or autonomic function.
#81. Spinal Shock - Family Practice Notebook
Temporary (<24 hours) Muscle tone loss (Flaccid Paralysis) and Deep Tendon Reflex loss after spinal cord injury; Spinal "Shock" is a ...
#82. First aid for spinal injury - HealthyWA
First aid for spinal injury. Warning. Take extreme care at all times to maintain alignment of the head, neck and spine. If the patient is unconscious as a ...
#83. Spinal Shock – from Pathophysiology to Clinical Manifestation
In order to clarify the mechanism behind the spinal shock and subsequent return of reflex activity or even hyperreflexia, we need to understand the changes ...
#84. Acute Spinal Cord Injury - Health Encyclopedia - URMC
What is an acute spinal cord injury (SCI)? · 7 cervical (neck) · 12 thoracic (upper back) · 5 lumbar (lower back) · 5 sacral* (sacrum, located in the pelvis) · 4 ...
#85. Spinal cord injury: Recovery, stages, and support - Medical ...
Spinal cord injury recovery begins in the hospital and continues with long-term rehabilitation. This article looks at the stages of recovery ...
#86. Spinal Cord Injury | Boston Children's Hospital
Learn more about Spinal Cord Injury symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments from experts at Boston Children's, ranked best Children's Hospital by US News.
#87. Management of spinal cord injury and impairment in an infant ...
Neurogenic Shock describes the haemodynamic changes that can occur following a SCI/I. Neurogenic shock is the impairment of descending ...
#88. Life threatening spinal shock and complete neurological ...
Life threatening spinal shock and complete neurological recovery following minor spinal cord trauma in a patient with pre-existing cervical canal stenosis: ...
#89. Spinal injury Information | Mount Sinai - New York
The spinal cord contains the nerves that carry messages between your brain and the rest of the body. The cord passes through your neck and back.
#90. Spinal Cord Injury Classification and Syndromes
Spinal cord injury is classified by type and severity. The American Spinal Injury Association or ASIA impairment grading system is a ...
#91. Traumatic spinal cord injury | Radiology Reference Article
It can result from minor injury if the spine is weakened from disease such as ankylosing spondylitis or if there is pre-existing spinal stenosis ...
#92. Spinal Cord Injury and Paralysis Types | Shepherd Center
Spinal cord injury is very different from back injuries, such as ruptured disks, spinal stenosis or pinched nerves. A person can "break their back or neck," yet ...
#93. Incidence and Natural Progression of Neurogenic Shock after ...
Neurogenic shock, a distributive type of circulatory shock after spinal cord injury (SCI), results in profound hypotension.
#94. Spine and Spinal Cord Injuries
Anatomy of the Spine ... Spinal cord and Vertebrae ... Treatment of Acute Spinal Cord. Injury. • Methylprednisolone 30mg/kg as soon as.
#95. spinal anesthesia | pathology | Britannica
symptom of neurogenic shock ... Thus, spinal anesthesia—injection of an anesthetic into the space surrounding the spinal cord—or severance of the spinal cord ...
#96. Spinal Cord Injury: Levels, Treatment, Symptoms, Recovery
A spinal cord injury occurs when there is damage to the spinal cord either from trauma, loss of its normal blood supply, or compression from tumor or infection.
#97. Spinal Cord Injury - Symptoms and Causes - Penn Medicine
Fracture of the spine; Traumatic injury to the face, neck, head, chest, or back (for example, a car accident); Diving accident; Electric shock ...
#98. Spinal-cord injury - The Lancet
Although we focus on traumatic spinal-cord injury in this review, the clinical signs, symptoms, and general therapeutic principles apply equally ...
#99. Pediatric Spinal Cord Injury and Spinal Shock - Growing ...
Causes: High-energy injury with hypermobility of spine and lack of tolerance of the spinal cord to handle stretch. • Most common in children under 8. • Cervical ...
spinal shock 在 Neurogenic Shock Versus Spinal Shock - YouTube 的必吃
In neurogenic shock, the entire nervous system is affected ... Spinal shock may cause paralysis and loss of sensation below the injury. ... <看更多>