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關於 git commit file ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

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在git commit file這個產品中，有5篇Facebook貼文，粉絲數超過10萬的網紅BorntoDev，也在其Facebook貼文中提到， 🔥 Git เป็น Version Control ที่ใช้จัดเก็บและควบคุมการเปลี่ยนแปลงที่เกิดขึ้นกับไฟล์ชนิดต่างๆ เช่น Text file, Source Code เป็นต้น . ✍️ ซึ่งมันจะใช้เก็บบั...

git commit file 在 BorntoDev Facebook 的最佳貼文

BorntoDev By BorntoDev

2021-05-29 17:00:04 有 421 人按讚
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🔥 Git เป็น Version Control ที่ใช้จัดเก็บและควบคุมการเปลี่ยนแปลงที่เกิดขึ้นกับไฟล์ชนิดต่างๆ เช่น Text file, Source Code เป็นต้น
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✍️ ซึ่งมันจะใช้เก็บบันทึกการเปลี่ยนแปลงของ Source Code เวอร์ชันล่าสุดที่เครื่องของเรา (Local Repository) สามารถทำงานได้โดยที่ไม่ต้องใช้เน็ต หากต้องการอัปเดต หรือเปลี่ยนแปลงก็สามารถทำการ Push ขึ้นไปเก็บที่ Remote Repository ได้นั่นเอง!
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🔎 มันมีคำสั่งอะไร แล้วแต่ละอย่างใช้ทำอะไรบ้างไปดูกันเลยจ้า
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⭐ 1) Git clone - ใช้ดาวน์โหลด/คัดลอกโปรเจกต์จาก Remote Repository ไว้ในเครื่องของเรา
.
คำสั่ง
git clone

⭐ 2) Git branch - สร้าง ลบ และเรียกดู Branch ได้ตามต้องการ
.
คำสั่งสร้าง Branch ใหม่
git branch
.
คำสั่งลบ Branch
git branch -d

⭐ 3) Git checkout - ใช้เปลี่ยน Branch ในการทำงาน
.
คำสั่ง
git checkout
.
หรือสามารถสร้าง Branch ใหม่และเรียกใช้ทันที ด้วยคำสั่ง
git checkout -b

⭐ 4) Git status - ใช้เช็คสถานะของไฟล์ต่างๆ ในโปรเจกต์ของเรา เช่น
.
คำสั่ง
git status
.
⭐ 5) Git add - ใช้สำหรับอัปเดตเวอร์ชันใหม่ของ Code ที่ถูกแก้ไขหรือสร้างใหม่ขึ้นบน Stage
.
คำสั่ง (ระบุชื่อไฟล์ที่ต้องการ)
git add
.
คำสั่ง (ไฟล์ทั้งหมดในโฟลเดอร์)
git add -A
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⭐ 6) Git commit - ใช้สำหรับยืนยันการเปลี่ยนแปลงของไฟล์ที่ถูก Add ขึ้นมาบน Stage และสามารถใส่ Comment สั้นๆ ได้ด้วย
.
คำสั่ง
git commit -m "commit message"
.
⭐ 7) Git push - ใช้สำหรับอัปเดต Code ที่ถูก Commit ขึ้นบน Remote Repository
git push
.
แต่ถ้าเราเขียน Code ใน Branch ใหม่ที่ยังไม่มีบน Remote Repository ให้ใช้คำสั่ง
git push --set-upstream
.
หรือ
git push -u origin
.
⭐ 8) Git pull - รับการอัปเดตจาก Remote Repository มาในเครื่องของเรา
.
คำสั่ง
git pull
.
⭐ 9) Git revert - คำสั่งยกเลิกการอัปเดตจากฝั่งเราออกจาก Remote Repository
*ต้องใช้อย่างระวังเพราะอาจจะพลาดลบบางอย่างที่ไม่ต้องการได้
.
คำสั่ง
git revert
.
⭐ 10) Git merge - ใช้สำหรับรวม Branch ที่ต้องการเข้าด้วยกัน
.
คำสั่ง
git merge
.
ครบแล้วกับ 10 คำสั่ง Git เบื้องต้นที่มือใหม่ควรรู้ หวังว่าจะเป็นประโยชน์กับเพื่อนๆ นะคะ 😍
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borntoDev - 🦖 สร้างการเรียนรู้ที่ดีสำหรับสายไอทีในทุกวัน

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BorntoDev (www.BorntoDev.com) เว็บไซต์ที่เกี่ยวกับการสอนการพัฒนาโปรแกรมหรือผลงานทางด้านคอมพิวเตอร์ จัดทำขึ้นเมื่อ 27 ตุลาคม 2556 โดยมีจุดมุ่งหมายเพื่อต้องการให้ผู้ที่สนใจพัฒนาซอฟต์แวร์ แอปพลิเคชั่น หรือ ผลงานทางด้านคอมพิวเตอร์ได้มีแหล่งในการเรียนรู้ที่ง่าย และ สนุก ไม่เน้นทฤษฏีจนทำให้ท้อหรือถอดใจไปก่อนจัดทำขึ้นโดยกลุ่มคนที่ต้องการจะเห็นความเปลี่ยนแปลงทางด้านเทคโนโลยี และ มีความหวังว่าจะมีนักพัฒนารุ่นใหม่ของไทยที่มีผลงานที่ยิ่งใหญ่ขึ้นมาได้ โดยจะใช้หลักการ “เน้นสนุก สอนเข้าใจ ทำได้จริง” สามารถเข้ามาเรียนรู้การพัฒนาซอฟต์แวร์ได้ตั้งแต่ระดับมัธยมศึกษาจนถึงนักศึกษาในมหาวิทยาลัย และ บุคคลทั่วไปที่สนใจในการพัฒนาซอฟต์แวร์และเทคโนโลยีคอมพิวเตอร์ ซึ่งในปัจจุบันนี้ถือว่ามีความสำคัญกับทุกสาขาอาชีพ และ เข้ามาเกี่ยวข้องกับทุกๆอย่างในชีวิตของเรา
ความสำเร็จของเรา คือ "การที่ได้เห็นคนไทยหันมาพัฒนาซอฟต์แวร์เพื่อโลก ที่ดีขึ้น"
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git commit file 在 矽谷牛的耕田筆記 Facebook 的最佳解答

矽谷牛的耕田筆記 By 矽谷牛的耕田筆記

2021-05-05 08:00:07 有 53 人按讚
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本篇文章探討的也是資安系列問題，而這次的目標主角則是 MAC 系統上廣為流傳的 Homebrew 系統。

結論:
作者透過觀察 Homebrew 的 Github Action 流程，成功得上傳一個會列印一行的程式碼到 iterm2 套件中，讓所有安裝的使用者都會於 Terminal 上看到一行作者客製化的訊息。

本次的漏洞是作者刻意從 Homebrew 的 Vulnerability Disclosure Program 專案中去嘗試尋找可能的問題，所有的操作都有跟官方專案的人探討過流程，並且一切的 PoC 都是單純證明該攻擊的可行性，所以有興趣研究的人請遵循一樣的想法去做，不要認真的想攻擊。

原因:
1. Homebrew 透過 Github Action 執行 CI/CD 動作
2. Homebrew 撰寫了一個自動合併 Pull Request 的 Action
3. CI 內會透過一個Ruby的 Git Diff 第三方函式庫來驗證，只要符合下列條件就可以自動合併
- Modifying only 1 file
- Not moving/creating/deleting file
- Target filepath matches \ACasks/[^/]+\.rb\Z
- Line count of deletions/additions are same
- All deletions/additions matches /\A[+-]\s*version "([^"]+)"\Z/ or - -\A[+-]\s*sha256 "[0-9a-f]{64}"\Z
- No changes to format of versions (e.g. 1.2.3 => 2.3.4)

作者一開始想要從該規則下手，找尋有沒有可能塞入惡意攻擊並且騙過系統讓其自動合併，然而這些規則看起來沒有什麼太多問題，於是作者轉往其他領域去找尋問題，其中一個想法就是到底該 Ruby 的 Git Diff 是如何實作，也許從實作下手更有辦法去欺騙這一切。

很順利的是，作者真的於該函式庫中找到問題，對於一個 Git Diff 的結果來說，該函式庫會透過 +++ "?b/(.*) 這樣的正規表達式來判別檔案路徑的資訊而並非程式修改內容，譬如下列 diff
```
diff --git a/source file path b/destination file path
index parent commit hash..current commit hash filemode
--- a/source file path
+++ b/destination file path
@@ line information @@
Details of changes (e.g.: `+asdf`,`-zxcv`)
```

作者就開始思考，如果讓程式碼可以符合 +++ "?b/(.*) 的規則，是否有辦法讓程式碼不被視為一個檔案的修改，因此就可以修改多行程式碼但是讓 CI 系統認為只有一行程式碼於是進行自動合併

作者最初的想法如下，第一行用來放惡意程式碼，第二行用來偽裝檔案路徑，經過一番嘗試後作者真的成功塞入了類似 PRINTF 的程式碼到環境中並觸發自動合併。接者各地使用者透過 brew 安裝 iterm 版本都會看到使用者塞入的程式碼。
```
++ "b/#{Arbitrary codes here}"
++ b/Casks/cask.rb
```

原文還有更多作者的思路過程，有興趣的不要錯過

原文:
https://blog.ryotak.me/post/homebrew-security-incident-en/#fn:7
測試用PR:
https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-cask/pull/104191

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矽谷牛的耕田筆記

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目前工作內容主要以 DevOps 為主，本身是微軟 Cloud and Datacenter Management MVP，閒暇之餘會透過文章記錄所學，記錄於 https://www.hwchiu.com. 喜歡參加社群活動來學習不同的經驗，藉此增廣見聞 目前主要參加的社群是 CNTUG，偶而會參加線上 Meetup ，透過網路的方式分享一些心得，並且錄影分享於 Youtube 上
工作與閒暇之餘的學習筆記，紀錄各式各樣的科技文章，同時分享自身部落格文章，線上社群演講以及線上課程資訊
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git commit file 在 矽谷牛的耕田筆記 Facebook 的最讚貼文

矽谷牛的耕田筆記 By 矽谷牛的耕田筆記

2021-01-06 09:00:06 有 52 人按讚
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今天這篇文章探討的是 Git 的 pre-commit hook 系統，透過這種 pre-commit 的系統，能夠幫助開發者與本地開發時，先行進行一些處理，避免什麼問題都要丟到遠方的 CI/CD pipeline 去檢查。畢竟程式碼更新，觸發 CI/CD 流程，等待結果告知，這部分有時候都要花上數分鐘，往往就是檢查到一個格式錯誤，譬如拼字錯誤，多一個空白，格式錯誤等。

如果今天可以將一些常用的檢查給複製一份到本地端去執行，這樣開發者可以更快地找出錯誤，同時也可以節省很多等待的時間，因此本篇文章就要針對 git pre-commit hook 來介紹。

本篇文章要介紹的並不是直接使用 git 的 pre-commit hook，而是要使用 python 的套件 git pre-commit hook，其龐大的生態系可以幫助使用者輕鬆的使用常見的 yaml 格式來管理 git 本身的 pre-commit hook。舉例來說，可以於專案底下放置一個有下列內容的檔案

repos:
- repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks
rev: v3.2.0
hooks:
- id: trailing-whitespace
- id: end-of-file-fixer
- id: check-yaml
- id: check-added-large-files

透過 python 的 pre-commit hook 系統，會將其中描述的四個功能 (trailing-whitespace....check-added-large-files)實際的程式碼給轉換並且安裝到 .git/hooks/pre-commit 底下。

同時透過這種框架，開發者也可以自行開發屬於自己的 pre-commit hook並整合到該 yaml 檔案之中。整個使用的方式非常簡單

1. 透過 python 的方式安裝 git pre-commit
2. 準備一個名為 .pre-commit-config.yaml 的檔案，並且描述你希望使用的 hook
3. 透過 pre-commit install 的方式將該 yaml 的內容轉換為真正 git 所使用的內容
4. 可以開始透過 git commit 來幫助你進行本地檢查囉

如果對於提升本地開發效率有興趣的人，不要錯過研究看看 git pre-commit 這種機制，不論是直接撰寫 git 或是透過這種 python 的 git pre-commit 框架，只要能夠幫忙解決相關問題，提升效率就會是一個值得研究的方法。
更多的 hook 參考以及該框架介紹，請點選下列全文來觀賞囉
https://towardsdatascience.com/pre-commit-hooks-you-must-know-ff247f5feb7e

Tags:
矽谷牛的耕田筆記

About author
目前工作內容主要以 DevOps 為主，本身是微軟 Cloud and Datacenter Management MVP，閒暇之餘會透過文章記錄所學，記錄於 https://www.hwchiu.com. 喜歡參加社群活動來學習不同的經驗，藉此增廣見聞 目前主要參加的社群是 CNTUG，偶而會參加線上 Meetup ，透過網路的方式分享一些心得，並且錄影分享於 Youtube 上
工作與閒暇之餘的學習筆記，紀錄各式各樣的科技文章，同時分享自身部落格文章，線上社群演講以及線上課程資訊
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社群媒體上有些相關的討論：
你可能也想看看
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Git commit message
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#31. Scenario 1 - Committing Files | Learn Git Version Control

In this scenario you'll learn how to initialise a new Git repository and commit files into version control. Version control allows you to record changes to ...

#32. Git Commit - Career Karma

The git commit command is used to move files from the staging area to a commit. This command is run after git add, which is used to add files to ...

#33. 開發者一定要知道的GIT tricks

git status # 看到以下的狀態On branch develop Changes not staged for commit: (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be commited) (use "git checkout ...

#34. How to Remove Files from Git Commit - W3docs

How to Remove Files from Git Commit · reset --soft HEAD^ · reset --soft HEAD~1 · reset HEAD path/to/unwanted_file · commit -c ORIG_HEAD · rm --cached <file> · commit ...

#35. git_commit - fastlane docs

Directly commit the given file with the given message ... allow_nothing_to_commit, Set to true to allow commit without any git changes in the files you want ...

#36. First steps with git: clone, add, commit, push - Earth Data ...

Modify files in your repository and track changes using commits with git; Push your changes back to GitHub. What you need. A GitHub user account ...

#37. 8. Commiting the changes - GitHowTo

When you previously used git commit for committing the first hello.html ... On branch master # Changes to be committed: # (use "git reset HEAD <file>.

#38. Committing Changes - GitKraken Documentation

If a commit template was read from your local git config, any changes you make to the template in GitKraken will save to the file specified.

#39. Tutorial: Removing Large Files from Git - Medium

How to overcome the “error: GH001: Large files detected” error message when you're pushing changes to GitHub This tutorial uses the commit ...

#40. Git: Adding a Commit Message - Stack Abuse

In Git, there are a few ways to document your changes. ... to the file or folder is from the last commit in which that file/folder changed.

#41. Rename or Move files in GIT - Koukia

Git keeps track of changes to files in the working directory of a repository by their name. When you move or rename a file, Git doesn't see ...

#42. Git and GitHub: How to Revert a Single File. - DEV Community

Find the commit ID of the version of the file you want to revert to. · Find the path to the file you want to revert from the working directory.

#43. Use --follow option in git log to view a file's history - Kashyap ...

This lists out the commits of both the files. Still, the first commit of the TS file would be a single creation commit, and the last commit of ...

#44. How to Save Changes in Git - GreenGeeks

A “commit” is in fact, the Git version of saving. Traditional saving is thought of as a system operation used to overwrite an existing file or to write a ...

#45. How to revert a Git commit: A simple example - The Server Side

html file from the repo. If a past commit added a new line of code to a Java file, a git revert on that commit will remove the added line.

#46. Committing your files - Help for SourceLair - Online IDE

To commit your files to Git via the Command Palette: ... Run the Git: Commit command (type commit and press Enter ) Git: Commit in the Command Palette; (Optional) ...

#47. How do I undo things in Git? - Beanstalk Help

How do I rollback a file to a certain commit in history? How do I revert changes I made to ...

#48. Commits are snapshots, not diffs | The GitHub Blog

git cat-file -t e0c03 error: short SHA1 e0c03 is ambiguous hint: The candidates are: hint: e0c03f27484 commit 2016-10-26 ...

#49. Oh Shit, Git!?!

Oh shit, I committed and immediately realized I need to make one small change! # make your change git add . # or add individual files git commit --amend --no- ...

#50. git commit 命令 - 菜鸟教程

提交暂存区到本地仓库中: git commit -m [message] [message] 可以是一些备注信息。 ... 次版本提交' [master (root-commit) d32cf1f] 第一次版本提交2 files changed, ...

#51. Commit (version control) - Wikipedia

git commit -m 'commit message'. This is also assuming that the files within the current directory have been staged as such: git add .

#52. git commit命令 - 易百教程

git commit 命令用于将更改记录(提交)到存储库。将索引的当前内容与描述更改的 ... 对于没有track的文件,还是需要执行`git add <file>` 命令。 $ git commit --amend ...

#53. GIT Push and Pull - DataCamp

Commit the files staged in your local repository by writing a commit message. You can create a commit message by git commit -m 'your message' , ...

#54. Add a File to Github Using Git Bash - JC Chouinard

#55. Find recently added files with git - Super User

git whatchanged --diff-filter=A displays commits that added files, and the files they added, newest first.

#56. How To Remove Committed Files From Git Version Control

How to remove committed files from Git version control · Create a .gitignore file, if you haven't already · Edit . · Execute the following command: git rm --cached ...

#57. Git Tutorial for beginners: Commit Multiple files and check the ...

#58. Git - Rename Files - TecAdmin

Use git mv command to rename files and directories in current git repository. You can see that the same command is used to move files as well.

#59. Git Tutorial => Show differences for a specific file or directory

This also works for directories: git diff documentation. The above shows the changes between the previous commit of all files in the specified directory ...

#60. Git 版本控制：利用git reset 恢復檔案、暫存狀態、commit 訊息

取消已經暫存的檔案假如我們有兩個檔案需要commit，但是不小心按到git add ... git status error: bad index file sha1 signature fatal: index file ...

#61. 常用指令: git add, git commit, git push, git status ... - 工作筆記: Git

將已經加入到 staging area 的檔案, 放到 git directory · 跳過git add 的步驟, 直接git commit.

#62. Git Commit: How to Commit Code Changes to GitHub? - Zepel

Then, using the git commit command, git is instructed to capture snapshots of these explicitly mentioned files at those specific times.

#63. 如何刪除Git中已經被commit的檔案？減少倉庫(Repository)所 ...

git add . 接著使用以下指令來進行commit。 git commit -m 'Delete Hello World'. git-remove-commited-files.

#64. [教學] git-17 部分提交- 討論區 | NVDA 台灣

目前是編輯完hello.txt 還沒加到暫存區$ git status On branch master Changes not staged for commit: (use "git add <file>.

#65. Start a new git repository - Karl Broman

Go into the new directory. Type git init . Write some code. Type git add to add the files (see the typical use page). Type git commit .

#66. Using Git with Terminal | CodePath iOS Cliffnotes

Adding and Committing Changes to Local Repository · Navigate to your Xcode Project folder in Terminal. · Check for any changes that have been made to files since ...

#67. 增進工程師效率– Git and Log File | allenlu2007

Reference: [1] Chris Beams, “How to Write a Git Commit Message" [2] Louis_Lu's Blog, “如何寫一個Git Commit Message" [3] M. Hung, ...

#68. Git: checkout a single file from a specific commit - Coderwall

A protip by dsci about git. ... git checkout <COMMIT#> <path/to/the/messed/up/file>. Example:

#69. "Git unstage" - How to unstage changes in git [Tutorial] - Datree

You can add files or changes to files to staging using the command `git add` - the next time you make a commit, ...

#70. Top 20 Git Commands With Examples - DZone DevOps

git config; git init; git clone; git add; git commit; git diff; git reset ... This command commits any files you've added with the git add ...

#71. Git: Oops. I Forgot To Add Those New Files Before Committing

Git Commit –amend To The Rescue! ... With git, you can solve this problem easily without having to create another commit in the repository and ...

#72. git show commit file - 軟體兄弟

但是，這些東西只有在您將代碼推送到GitHub.GitHub Desktop 之後才會很好。功能：啟動一個項目您會在側邊欄中找... GitHub Desktop 軟體介紹. git show commit file ...

#73. What is an initial commit in Git?

For projects that already have some code files written and ready to go, the initial commit usually includes all of those code files in one big ...

#74. ［Git筆記-2］建立一個新檔案，將那些檔案修改提交commit 到 ...

miller@miller-dell MINGW64 ~/hello-test (master) $ git status On branch master No commits yet Untracked files: (use "git add .

#75. How to Ignore a File in Git - Linux Hint

Any local Git repository contains three types of files. These are tracked, untracked and ignore files. The files which have been committed before are called ...

#76. How to view a file at a specific commit in git? - SysTutorials

How to view a file at a specific commit in git? tagged Command, Git, How to, Linux, Tutorial, www.

#77. What is Git Diff Command in Git and How does it work?

It is not necessary that these inputs are files only. It can be branches, working trees, commits, and more. We will be making use of git diff command as we ...

#78. How to Change a Git Commit Message | Linuxize

Navigate to the repository directory in your terminal. Run the following command to amend (change) the message of the latest commit: git ...

#79. Git Magic - Chapter 8. Secrets Revealed - Student Information

Why is a bunch of file stats a staging area? Because the add command puts files into Git's database and updates these stats, while the commit command, ...

#80. Git Commit - W3Schools

It is possible to commit changes directly, skipping the staging environment. The -a option will automatically stage every changed, already tracked file. Let's ...

#81. How to change a Git commit message after a push - Educative.io

In each resulting commit file, type the new commit message, save the file, and close it. Force push the amended commits using git push --force .

#82. How to Add All Files to a Git Commit Except Some? - Designcise

Learn how to git add all excluding some files/folders. ... Available since git v1.9.0, the :(exclude) pathspec (shorthand :! or :^ ) can be ...

#83. How to Add a Git Commit Message | Shells official site

-m: This sets the Git commit's message. -a or --all: These automatically commit all modified, tracked, or deleted files. --amend ...

#84. How to roll back Git code to a previous commit

What is git reset? · Soft. This mode resets the code tree's head to the designated former commit instance. All the files between that PIT ...

#85. Using Git | Qt Creator Manual - Qt Documentation

To mark a new or modified file for committing it to the repository, select Stage File for Commit. To undo this function, ...

#86. [Git] Git 常用指令筆記 - 熱血剪貼部

git checkout branchName：切到某個branch git checkout commit nodeId：切到某個commit node git add fileName：加入某個檔到staged file list

#87. Chapter 37 Resetting | Happy Git and GitHub for the useR

Your files will stay the same but the commit will be undone and nothing will be staged. If “YES go right back to the moment before I committed”: git reset -- ...

#88. Learn How to Commit to Git: Git Commit Command Explained

Staging and Committing · You make changes to a file in the working directory. · You use the Git add command to move those changes from the working ...

#89. GitHub For Beginners: Commit, Push And Go - ReadWrite

gif,” just for kicks. You can clearly see your new Readme file. But can Git? Let's find out. Type: git status. The command line, usually ...

#90. How to completely remove a file from a Git repository - iText

Just amend the last commit. Copy to clipboard git rm $FILE git commit --amend --no-edit git reflog expire --expire ...

#91. Git for beginners: 12 commands you need to know - Prototypr

If you have modified more than one file, git add . will add all the ... 6. git commit -m "<descriptive but short message about my commit>".

#92. Setting proper file permissions before committing files - Drupal

For files checked into the git repository on drupal.org, the standard is set forth by core of what permissions are appropriate. Most files ...

#93. How can I undo my last git commit? | DigitalOcean

You run git commit only to realize you forgot to add a file or that you made a mistake. We all do it, but we can never remember how to undo ...

#94. Splitting Up git Commits In the Middle of a Branch - Embedded ...

Perhaps I added multiple files accidentally by using git commit -am , or perhaps I didn't originally notice that changes within a file would ...

#95. What to do when you commit to the wrong Git branch

git add -A. git commit -m "Committed on new branch". Be careful with the add -A though as you may be adding unrelated uncommitted files and ...

#96. 如何寫一個Git Commit Message | louie_lu's blog

原標題：How to Write a Git Commit Message, 31 Aug 2014, By Chris Beams ... 147709f Tweaks to package-info.java files.

#97. pre-commit hooks you must know - Towards Data Science

File formatting. Formatting files in a similar way helps readability by improving consistency and keeps git commits clean. For example, you usually don't want ...