關於 銅 西 卡 立 昌 ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

你知道嗎？【斯巴達的狗狗公主——史上首位在奧運「摘金*」的女性 】 和這紀錄現代人無法效法的各種理由 #本日冷知識1577 #文長注意
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本則冷知識兼祝賀台灣舉重女神郭婞淳，無懸念破紀錄兼摘金，把奧運變成單機遊戲啦。
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撒花 ｡:.ﾟヽ(*´∀`)ﾉﾟ.:｡ 撒花
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2021 東京奧運有個重點數字——百分之 49——是史上最高的女性運動員參與比率。
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回首 1896 年，在顧拜旦男爵（Pierre de Frédy, Baron de Coubertin, 1863-1937）的多年鼓吹之後，第一屆的現代奧運在雅典舉辦。時代風氣使然，當時女性運動員是徹底（被）缺席的。顧拜旦心目中的奧運會，是純粹由男子業餘運動員進行的友好競賽。猶如古希臘的奧林匹克賽事也是謝絕女子參加的。
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古代奧運更是嚴禁已婚婦人在場觀戰，理由倒不難懂：希臘男子在田徑賽事中一貫是正面全裸的。奇怪的是未婚女子的待遇就完全不同，不僅可以旁觀男子賽事，甚至可能會在天后希拉（Hera）的慶典上，或與奧運會同步舉辦未婚女子版的運動競賽，可惜這類賽事（Heraean games）的具體記述甚少。
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以上是想強調「古代奧林匹克」和「女性」這兩個詞有多互斥。順帶一提，古代奧運勝利不摘金，畢竟頒發金、銀、銅牌是現代發明，古代是頒發橄欖枝的桂冠，所以標題我加了引號。
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但是酷妮絲卡公主（Cyniska of Sparta, 442-?）就是一位超犯規的存在，她是連續兩屆古代奧林匹克奧運會：396 年與 392 年的大贏家。
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關於本文中提到古希臘的年代，都遵從偷懶原則，省略了「西元前」或 BC 字樣，各位請自己在腦中加負號。關於公主芳名，雖然拉丁拼法很引誘人念成賽妮絲卡，但考慮希臘文是拼成 Κυνίσκα，其中 υ (upsilon) 古音發 /u/，所以，酷妮絲卡。名字涵義是小狗狗♀源自希臘語 κύων 狗。又想到 cynic→犬儒也是同個字根。於是標題「狗狗公主」。
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現代人無法效法酷妮絲卡的第一個理由是，她取勝的項目已經不存在了：飆四匹馬拉的雙輪戰車（chariot）賽。就是所謂的少女與戰車......其實不是，因為 396 年時她已 46 歲了。而且其實酷妮絲卡雖然未婚，卻仍是不能親自上場競技的，即使是公主也無法無視習俗。所以她鑽了一個漏洞。但並不是女扮男裝（酷拉皮卡也不是）。公主的奧運夢是這樣圓夢的：她出錢養馬、親自訓練馬匹，奧運時聘個男人上場駕駛但仍是以她的名義競賽。換句話說，古代奧運的馬術常常是騎手獲勝，但金主獲得榮耀。畢竟馬就像古代的超跑，超貴，貴到平民根本養不起，騎師騎雇主的馬就是常態了。 #我是今夜最稀有的品種
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作家色諾芬（Xenophon of Athens, c. 430-354）更不客氣評論道，大多奧運競技如田徑靠的是男兒傑出的勇氣♂和技藝 → 多半是戰爭技能的衍伸，例如有一項是著全副重裝步兵的裝甲，約六公斤重在 1 stade ≒ 180 公尺的跑道上往返跑一趟，稱為 hoplitodromos （hoplite 重裝步兵, dromo 跑）。離題講一下，大型運動會場叫 stadium 就是因為古希臘田徑場通常寬 1 stade 左右，此一希臘古長度單位是跑道通常的長度。
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色諾芬狂酸說，反觀和馬相關的競賽靠的根本是「恁爸有錢」。畢竟要入手優異的名馬、飼養、日復一日訓練都需一擲千金。超譯成現代術語就類似說，以大量投資墊高競爭者的入場門檻，就是用錢 KO 對手這樣。
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又双離個題，在酷妮絲卡初次奪冠後過了十屆，356 年的奧運會上，馬其頓的菲利浦二世的馬贏了某馬術項目。傳說同一天適逢亞歷山大出生，被當成大吉之兆——幸好亞歷山大沒有因此被命名為 Hippodromniki 之類的，hippodrome 跑馬，nike 勝利。想他姐姐出生那天菲利浦國王恰在 Thessaly 打了勝仗，大喜之下就命名女兒 Thessaloniki 了 （也是現代希臘第二大城）。
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扯太遠啦，浪子回頭。斯巴達的酷妮絲卡公主的功績，現代人無法效法也大概無須吹捧的第二個理由在於她的身分：她的父親 Archidamus 二世是斯巴達國王（雙王之一），她的哥哥也繼任父親，是為斯巴達國王 Agesilaus 二世。斯巴達的「雙王」理解成是戰時的兩名最高軍事領袖，且是斯巴達最顯赫家系才能擔任的。
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時間軸大概是這樣：狗狗公主出生在伯羅奔尼薩戰爭（431-404）前不久，她的名字是紀念斯巴達國王的祖父的小名，而她的父王帶領斯巴達軍三次大肆攻擊了雅典，在公主獲得桂冠殊榮時，斯巴達已在這場古希臘的世界大戰中獲勝（而雅典幾乎全毀），那時她的王兄已繼位，為斯巴達的希臘霸主（hegemon）時期。她便繼承了過世父王的馬匹，且在王兄的大力資助下參賽。
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酷妮絲卡能躋身古代奧運勝者之林的最後一個重要理由，就是斯巴達那古代罕見的奇葩社會型態。在斯巴達女性擁有很大的自主權，甚至自己名下擁有財產。斯巴達女人受到的教育程度也高，理由後述。最後不愧是斯巴達，戰死了無數男人，繼承了遺產的斯巴達的寡婦以富裕聞名。
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話說日後，哲學家亞里斯多德（384-322）將會見證斯巴達從希臘的霸主衰退成一地方勢力，讓出其霸主地位給馬其頓。亞里斯多德評論說，斯巴達的衰退起因是它「淪為女性治國的地方」。只不過亞里斯多德有個特色：他說過的每句話幾乎都錯了——還真不容易——我們切莫聽他。例如他也曾斬釘截鐵說女人的牙齒比男人少 XD。
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但亞氏這番攻擊也在在反映了斯巴達女子掌握權力之大、獨立性之高，在整個希臘世界都是異類存在，果然就被針對了。其他古希臘城邦中，婦女權利依附於男性家主，女性的預設角色是承擔家務與雜役，只比奴隸高一層級而已。不擁有私有財產，養馬什麼的更不用說了。
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為何有這麼大差異？其實，斯巴達的社會有一項至高原則......你以為是「尚武」對吧？但其實有個法則比尚武更優先，那就是「徹底貫徹優生學」——生產出繁多又強壯的下一代是國民義務，這樣即使斯巴達在征戰中折損男丁，都能很快就生回來，生生不息繁榮昌盛才好當霸主。
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出於這種優生考量，斯巴達人相信體質強健的女子對於生育壯丁也同等重要，於是產生了格言：「生男當然最好，但即使生女也要把她教養的和她的兄弟一樣強」。這樣到底算不算一種性別分工下的權力平均咧？也因此，斯巴達女性接受的教育包括了健體強身的各種運動、音樂舞蹈甚至騎乘，都由年長的女性教授，只差沒有軍事訓練而已（卡珊德拉表示）。斯巴達很可能有女子運動會，甚至可能讓年輕的男女在賽事上裸裎相見相互競技。又順帶一提，英語的健身房/體育館 gymnasium 這個字就來自希臘語的裸體 γυμνός (gumnos)，不過奇怪的，德語 gymnasium 的意思是大學預科學校......不細說了XD
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再加上，其實斯巴達男人在 30 歲之前是不能和妻子同居的，斯巴達男人從相當於我們小學的年紀就被要求集體生活，集體受軍事訓練，和同儕與師長養成親密♂無間的信任關係，如果早早成家生子，要總不在家的男人張羅家務事和養育後代......就無法，於是斯巴達女性需當家，並掙得了高度自主權。與之相對，理想的斯巴達女性美德完全在於能否養育出勇士。斯巴達的悍母民風在歷史的一頁展現了。希臘化時代的名將，國王皮洛士（Pyrrhus of Epirus, 306-272）在他生命的最後一年揮軍試圖硬吃斯巴達，當兩軍在城下對峙，斯巴達女性一擁而出，連夜在兩軍之間挖了一條戰壕，還叫士兵男孩們今晚多休息，儲備體力以待拂曉決戰，多威猛的斯巴達媽媽。
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最後來說壓軸的限制級內容，斯巴達社會型態的根本由來——其強悍勇武與其說是出於抵禦外敵，更是無時無刻不在防範身邊眾多的奴隸：黑勞士（Helots）的反叛。歷史之父希羅多德曾估計，每 1 個斯巴達公民或許對應到 7 個黑勞士奴隸，這種懸殊比例，表示斯巴達人隨時都要有以一砍十的自信。
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斯巴達人始終使用一種非人的恐怖，在統御/蹂躪著這大量的他們眼中的人形牲畜，詳情不可描述。因此斯巴達人的男女分工才會如前述，貫徹優生考量，資源全用產兵，技能全點武力，斯巴達女人並不需紡織下田飼養，生產勞作由奴隸做，女人唯需要生養教育出男子，男子唯需要高效率的殺人。知道這些背景，再看《300 壯士》你或許會有完全不同的感受。
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好了好了，太嚴肅了，換個話題。話說贏了古希臘奧林匹克的人「只會得到橄欖枝桂冠和榮譽」而沒有物質上的餽贈，究竟合不合實情呢？
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顧拜旦男爵認為古希臘人純屬為榮譽、為愛而投入奧林匹克競賽，只是個一廂情願的曲解罷了。參與多半還是冀望拿些好處的，不管爭名還是牟利。較世俗的城邦常配發年金或給予冠軍終生免稅的待遇，換取一個光榮的代言權，把英雄寫進城邦的神話裡。有點像補習班拿高分榜首同學當招生號召，就會給一點意思意思的獎金那樣。也有有野心之士利用奧運的光環（或是說橄欖環）作為進入政界的入口。想，你都變成世界級名人了，以知名度做槓桿試著在世上做出些改變應該算是人之常情。
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另一種政治操作就高調了：冠軍會被當成半神，即古希臘的英雄崇拜（hero cult）。斯巴達的酷妮絲卡，我們的狗狗公主就獲得這種待遇，即使在她過世後多年，在斯巴達對她的崇拜仍不停歇，激勵了更多斯巴達女子投入奧運。畢竟在希臘人心目中傑出的人 = 英雄 = 有神性。出了英雄的家系更是世世代代講話卡大聲。酷妮絲卡的王兄會大力支持她追求奧運夢，大概有著這種算盤，即使他們家世早就夠顯赫了，但能利用的政治資本就要利用......
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行文至此，我的腦忽然嘖了一聲，說：「喂，科宅，奧運比賽大家開心就好。不需要追究這麼多喔」。好的大家，那我們下次再見，祝各位觀賽武運昌隆！
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插圖：歐蘿拉·栖夜·莉絲·凱明公主。和本文關係是沒有。
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參考資料：wikipedia - Cynisca ; wikipedia - Women in ancient Sparta。現代奧運的男女運動員人數比 Number of athletes at the Summer Olympics by gender 1896-2016
Published by Aaron O'Neill, Jul 15, 2020。

「地獄空」攝影集即將在八月中元節前出版，由知名設計師與攝影家黃子欽設計，內附在下二位高徒精美繪製符咒、心經版畫書籤、愣嚴咒牌、尊勝咒語...等，感恩十方大德助印，希望疫情退散，平安喜樂，後記如下：

野放台灣五十餘年，貪狼獨坐，三方四正殺破狼格局，少年多舛，白手起家，隨展覽雲遊四海，如閒雲野鶴常持各類底片機流連廢墟、山川、宮廟忘返，遂設幻影堂自詡堂主，一日三省「凡所有相皆是虛妄」，常宅於暗房沖片放大通宵、鍾情黑白世界之單純，彩色照片俗世繽紛花俏做作甜美甚至比現實更現實故少拍也。知天命之年有餘，了悟人生一瞬、眨眼即逝，雖非仙人，亦無道骨，初聞離垢地生清淨心，但離華嚴「不動地」尚遠，待修持也。
2017年盛暑拍畢《巨神連線》，心律不整差點心肌梗塞向閻羅王報到，意識死神隨伺在側，人生苦短，如何了生脫死、盡斷煩惱、無所罣礙、遠離顛倒……總不得解，蒙釋迦摩尼佛開示飆淚三晝夜，聞佛法數載始知自我渺如塵埃，甚感慚愧。閒暇乃參訪名寺古剎，禮敬焚香佛陀菩薩羅漢諸神天仙王爺媽娘，台灣宮廟千奇百怪、宗派錯綜複雜（佛教、道教、一貫道、天主教、基督教、齋教、回教＆大同教、儒教鑾堂、天帝教＆天德教、慈惠堂＆勝安宮、軒轅教、道院、理教、萬國道德會、會靈山……）、神棍橫行（依人不依法、偶像崇拜、斂財、邪淫），因歷史變遷、社會動盪、政治鬥爭、意識形態等因素導致佛道混雜，但地獄造景稀少，後專注拍攝各殿閻王、判官、陰司、獄卒、七爺、八爺乃至一切罪人，各寺造景巧妙、耐人尋味，意境乖張溢於言表，造型扭曲非常人所能塑也，然匠心獨運、自成一格，專研西方藝術數十載方知真誠樸拙最美，絲毫不輸喬托（Giotto di Bondone，1267～1337）乃至米開朗基羅（Michelangelo Di lodovico Buonarroti Simoni 1475 ~ 1564）矣。

創立於1986年的石門金剛宮風景優美可眺望北濱，雖主祀四面佛，儒釋道眾神尊也不含糊，可過七星橋解厄、繞行五百黝黑羅漢敲鑼印心、跪拜亞洲最大臥佛涅槃像，安太歲自不在話下，甲子太歲爺雙眼長出手掌印象甚深，1994年經閻羅王指示廟公建造一條肚內設極樂世界及陰曹地府之神龍，行走暗黑通道觸動感應機關，只見面容猙獰受刑者呼天搶地喊冤、身邊盡是血肉糢糊殘肢敗屍腦漿塗地，十殿閻羅各司其職、威儀攝人。新北市林口區青嶺湖北文紫祥宮包公廟則以壁面彩塑地獄浮雕獨步全台，粉嫩色彩搭配卡漫風格，尤為造型簡直恐怖到可愛透頂，該廟主祀森羅殿閻羅天子包拯（包青天），陽世冤屈者可至此參拜祭解，求破懸案者眾，逢中元普渡皆以紙紮船渡亡魂至彼岸，全台唯一閻羅天子巨像籌備中，四周環繞墓地，適合修不淨觀也。台灣首尊彰化八卦山大佛旁南天宮（1971）地府則是首座電動地府，規模精小但驚嚇度破表，略顯破敗但五光十色仍蠻凶悍，出自已故台南大道長金登富之作，而電動神明起始可追溯至1960年代北港朝天宮。倒是嘉義水上鄉白人牙膏觀光工廠「戴相府」、「將軍府」設置十殿地府出乎意料之外，乾淨亮麗、ㄧ殿ㄧ間、簡單樸實。由高雄蓮潭龍虎塔龍口入內可見全臺唯一交趾陶地獄牆面，尊尊栩栩如生，續入龍身乃進聞聲救苦白衣觀音大士三十三化身浮雕隧道，造型設色甚為古錐。高雄大岡山超峰寺入口處「西方三聖蓮池海會」（阿彌陀佛、觀世音菩薩、大勢至菩薩巨像）旁設靜態十殿閻羅（1970年代初），雖略為陳舊然韻味猶存，續往上行可抵「證菩提道－釋迦如來應化事迹」雕塑園區，一攬世尊畢生精華。如來年邁時，琉璃國王為報長期被釋迦族輕蔑之傲慢心，世尊雖三次單獨伽跌坐 阻擋大軍進攻之路，但因緣果報無法逆轉，昔日婢女所生王子瞋恨無以復加，還是滅了祖國。自持神通第一目犍連不忍無辜百姓慘遭屠殺，遂以缽盛救度五百族人，最終卻化為血水，佛言神通廣大仍不敵千百劫業力，因緣果報屢試不爽。其母死後墜入餓鬼道飢餓難耐，目犍連遂展神通救渡，但所食尚未入口皆化為赤火，佛陀囑咐農曆七月十五日僧眾解安居自恣日，於盆中設甘露美食供養十方僧眾，因此超度亡母。後世「盂蘭盆法會」乃至「水懺法會」、「瑜珈焰口法會 」皆為消業障、斷塵垢之超渡儀軌，既渡亡魂也自懺悔。

台南麻豆代天府規模宏大、造型豔麗，不但可遊十八層地獄尚可逛天堂（1979年興建，1983年開放)，燈光絢爛、聲響駭人，獨自漫步宛如觀落陰、地獄走一回。先過「心頭山」、入「清心池」、進「陰陽界」、抵「交簿廳」、達「鬼門關」、遊「補經所」、探「枉死城」、行「奈何橋」，至ㄧ殿泰廣王照「孽鏡台」現造惡原形，睹抱柱、火床等小地獄。二殿楚江王開「陰查簿 」判案定奪，觀糞尿泥、餓鬼、舞池、寒冰、膿血、鞭韃、舌犁、劍葉、戟腹拋接、砧截……等小地獄。三殿宋帝王刑罰為倒吊、銅鐵刮臉、挖眼、搗樁、倒烤、吸血、穿肋、抽筋、蛆蛀等小地獄……兼遊「四生（胎、卵、濕、化）回魂府」。四殿五官王掌管腰斬、拔舌、沸湯、刺嘴、剝皮、箭樹、車崩、射眼……等十六小地獄。隨五殿森羅王豋「望鄉臺」回眸親人最終眼後觀擊膝、誅心、刀山、飛刀火石……小地獄。六殿卞城王別稱「大叫喚大地獄」，轄火牛、虎啖、噬腎、鉗嘴含鍼、釘喉、磨摧、砍頭……等小地獄。七殿泰山王為「熱惱大地獄」，窺烙手指、抽腸、頂石蹲身、油釜滾烹、割舌穿腮……等十六小地獄。八殿都市王掌管「大熱惱大地獄」兼火狗、鐵汁、鐵蛇、鋸劈斷肢、釘板、灸脊、鐵丸、磅秤……等小地獄。九殿平等王直轄十八層「阿鼻大地獄」，直透地心、內中陰森、不見五指、滿溢地漿，皆為極犯，另轄紫赤毒蛇鑽孔、夾頂、鐵鴉、針雨、蜂蠍……等小地獄。至十殿輪轉王上「觀生臺」、「轉劫所八司」（查驗司 、稽善司 、考過司 、恩怨司 、壽命司 、支配司、掌劫司 、授生司）後至「孟婆亭」飲「醧忘湯」忘盡前塵往事，依前世功德過金、銀、玉、石、木、竹六種橋樑至「轉輪臺（紫河車）」入六道輪迴轉生投胎。據《十八泥犁經》記載，人過世後七七四十九天為「中陰生」，經閻羅王審判善惡業力判定去留或懲罰百千萬劫，犯五逆重罪則墮入「無間地獄（阿鼻地獄）」永劫不復。地藏王乃幽冥教主，統轄十殿閻羅，逢三曹普渡便在各殿設「講道所」超度尚存善根之鬼魂。

人類居於五趣（阿修羅、人、傍生、餓鬼、地獄）雜居地五濁惡世之堪忍世界，犯十惡業（殺生、偷盜、邪淫、妄語、兩舌、惡口、綺語、貪慾、嗔恚、愚痴）者必墮三趣惡道。如何出「三界」（欲界、色界、無色界）二十八天？凡人無此意識，別說能破「十二因緣」（無明、行、識、名色、六入、觸、受、愛、取、有、生、老死）還滅門，更別想斷除「四聖諦」（苦、集、滅、道）集地八十一品見惑與八十八使思惑（五利使-身見、邊見、邪見、見取見、戒禁取見、五鈍使-貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑），了悟「五蘊」（色、受、想、行、識）本空、「十二入」（眼、耳、鼻、舌、意、色、聲、香、味、觸、法）空、「十八界」空，破俱生我執與分別我執、法執甚至空執，生十一處「善心所」（信、精進、慚、愧、無貪、無瞋、無痴、輕安、不放逸、行捨、不害），降二十六處「惡心所」（貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑、惡見、忿、恨、覆、惱、嫉、慳、誑、諂、害、憍、無慚、無愧、掉舉、惛沉、不信、懈怠、放逸、失念、散亂、不正知），須知善根斷盡則陷永劫輪迴、無垠轉世之苦。

地獄可能空滅嗎？若地獄空乏人間多鬼怪，地獄淨空世間何嘗非淨土？若能證空性何處現地獄？

地獄曠古來便廣泛流傳各部族間，老死生滅為自然運行之基礎、宇宙意識之核心，然今文明昌盛如咱城邦並非慾望消弭之所，惡性所及實無可根除，礙於憲法國家法律社會軍隊企業公司學校家庭團體之層層束縛不亞於十八層，乃遁於壓抑、束己情懷，暗埋心底、日久貪嗔痴慢疑怨噌會疊穢。而六塵未熄，心多妄念，妖魔鬼怪魑魅魍魎孤魂閃靈出沒於荒郊乃至人間，會靈於曠野密林以增性靈乃出世高人修煉之舉，我等凡人擅闖宛如迪士尼般之人造地獄，三魂七魄尚不足以出竅，驚邪恐怖淒厲猙獰倒滿足了自以為是的慚愧，豈不謬哉？

病毒肆虐年半有餘，全球確診者逼近一億八千萬，枉死者近四百萬，堪比戰爭規模，望眾生發慈悲心、令往生者安息、善待其他物種、平等有情眾生。地獄本空，唯妄念生起一切羨慕嫉妒恨而地獄現前。盡以此書作為世界新冷戰獨裁者、超限戰者、暗網駭客、陰險狡猾冷嘲熱諷落井下石者之良知備忘錄矣。

姚瑞中寫於2021年端午節

Postscript

I have been living recklessly in Taiwan for more than fifty years. According to Zi Wei Dou Shu (Purple Star Astrology), Tan Lang is the sole star in my house of Self. This star, which represents xxx, forms an equilateral triangle with that star Qi Sha and Po Jun on the square chart and constitutes a Sha Po Lang pattern. The pattern indicates a kind of turbulence and change, a life of wandering with ups and downs and it tells a lot about my life. After my ill-fated youth, I started from scratch and traveled around the world with exhibitions that I participated. Like a flaneur, I wandered around ruins, nature, and temples with every type of film camera obliviously. Thus, I founded the Hall of Illusion and claimed to be the master of the hall. Several times a day, I pondered a quote from the Diamond Sutra, “Everything with form is unreal.” In addition, I usually stayed in the darkroom developing film and enlarging those negatives overnight. However, I treasured the simplicity of the black and white world. The earthly, gaudy, garish, phony and pleasing qualities within colored photos make the images even more realistic than the real world. It is not my cup of tea, so I seldom took colored photos. In Confucian thought, the age of fifty marks the stage knowing the mandate of Heaven. I am now at my fifties and realize how ephemeral human life is. However, I am not an immortal, nor having sagelike characteristics. I just learned that the stage of stainless (the second bhūmi) and develop a pure mind that is free from doubt and defilement. However, I’m still far from the immovable state and need to practice.

In the summer of 2017, after filming the work Incarnation, I experienced a severe heart rhythm problem which almost triggered myocardial infarction and could have killed me. Consequently, I realized that death was waiting for me and the life is too short to figure out how I can liberate myself from the cycle of Birth and Death. I couldn’t comprehend how to be free from all afflictions and worries and how to avoid delusive ideas. I wept for three days and nights after being enlightened by Shakyamuni Buddha. Up to the moment, I felt ashamed that I failed to realize that the self is as insignificant as dust after these years learning and practicing Buddhism. Since then, I have visited famous temples and monasteries in my spare time, worshiping Buddha, Bodhisattvas, arhats, and all the deities and immortals. Taiwan’s temples are myriad with a enormous number of sects, including Buddhism, Taoism, Yiguandao, Catholicism, Christianity, Chinese religions of fasting, Islam& Baháʼí Faith, Confucianism, Tiandiism& Tian-De Teachings, Xiwangmu cult, Yellow Emperor Sect, Precosmic Salvationism, Liism, World Wide Ethical Society, séance cult, etc. Some people even claim that they can mediate communication between the deities or spirits of the dead with human beings, having their believer rely on themselves instead of the orthodox dharma or dogma and pay excessive respect and admiration for the mediums or objects, accumulating wealth through such an unfair means or even harassing their believer sexually. Due to Taiwan’s historical changes, social turbulence, political struggles, and ideological issues, Buddhism and Taoism are somehow mixed. However, there are few emphases on the concept of the hell. As I took photographs of Yama of each court, judges, wardens of the underworld, jailers, General Fan and Hsieh (the ghost escorts) and all sinners, I found few temples cleverly created hellish scenes that are intriguing, exaggerating, and extraordinary. However, the creations are unparalleled unique. I have been studying Western arts for decades and then I came to realize that simplicity makes the most beautiful works of art. These hellish scenes can even compete with works of Giotto di Bondone (1267-1337) and Michelangelo Di lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (1475-1564).

Jingang Temple Shimen District, founded in 1986, overlooks the beautiful North shore. Although the temple is mainly dedicated to Phra Phrom (the Thai representation of Mahabrahma), spirits of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism can also be founded in the temple. The worshipper can go cross the Seven Star bridge to relieve bad luck, walk along the five hundred arhat statues and knock on the gong to affirm one’s Buddha nature. Furthermore, the worshipper can also prostrate themself before Asia’s largest statue of Buddha in Nirvana (the Reclining Buddha statue) and pacify the Taoist Tai Sui deity of the year. I was impressed by the Jia-Zi Tai Sui General that a pair of palms grow out of his eyes. In 1994, the biō-kong (the person taking charge of the temporal affairs of a temple) received a divine inspiration from Yama (the King of Hell) that he had to build a sacred hall in the shape of a divine dragon, with the interior designed according to the World of Ultimate Bliss and the Underworld. When the visitor walks in the dark hallway, they will see the tortured people (dioramas, of course) scrunching their faces and crying bitterly and loudly in excessive grief as the visitor triggers the mechanism. One will even find them in the midst of flesh, body liquid and blood, mutilated limbs, and rotten corpses. While each of the ten Yamas are focusing on their own duties, showing their sacred dignity that collect visitors’ attention. The Baogong Temple in Linkou District, New Taipei City exclusively features colorful depiction of hellish scenes in relief in Taiwan. With its pastel shades and cartoon-like style, the relief is both grotesque and adorable at the same time. This temple is dedicated to Bao Zhen (also known as Justice Bao) representing the incarnation of Yama. Living people who have been treated unjustly can come worshipping Bao Gong and receive exorcism. Therefore, many people come here for seeking to solve unsolved cases. In Zhongyuan Festival (the ghost festival), the temple will burn the Zhizha (paper craft) boat to ferry the ghosts to the other shore, which is the shore of enlightenment. The only giant statue of Yama in Taiwan is still in the making. The temple is surrounded by a cemetery, suitable for meditating on the loathsomeness and impurity. Nantian Temple (1971), located next to the Eight Trigram Mountains Buddha in Changhua, features the first animatronic underworld. Despite the small size, the animatronic underworld is intensely shocking. Though it’s slightly worn, the colorful dioramas are still brutally ferocious. The creator was the late venerable Dao Zhang (Taoist priest) Jing Deng-fu while the origin of animatronic deities can be traced back to the 1960s Beigang Chaotian Temple. On the contrary, the Whiteman Toothpaste Tourism Factory in Shuishang Township, Chiayi, features ten Yamas with individual booth. The place is unexpectedly clean and polished yet keeps a simple and modest tone. Then, the Dragon Pagoda of the Dragon and Tiger Pagodas at Lotus Lake in Zuoying, Kaohsiung, holds the only relief of hellish scenes made of Kochin ceramic. All the figures are vivid and life-like. If one goes further into the pagoda, they will see a relief tunnel of the thirty-three incarnations of the white-robed form of Guanyin (Avalokiteśvara) on a white lotus, with a lovely and interesting design. Another Hall of Yama is built in the 1970s next to the entrance of Dagangshan Chaofeng Temple, located in the Alian District of Kaohsiung. Visitors will also see three statues of the Three Holy Ones of the Western Pureland (Amitābha, Avalokiteśvara, Mahāsthāmaprāpta) which assemble at a lotus pond. Although the hellish scene looks somewhat antiquated, you may still find its previous charm. If one goes further, they will reach the sculptural garden of “Attaining the Bodhi Way: the Incarnation of Sakyamuni Buddha,” where the visitor can see the essence of Bhagavato’s (meaning the Blessed one, one of the common epithets for Buddha) life. When Tathāgata (another epithet for Buddha) was old, the king of Kosala wanted to avenge the arrogance of the tribe of Shakyas who had long despised him, regarding him as a son of a maiden. Although Buddha has sat in lotus position alone three times to stop the army from attacking his tribe. However, one can never reverse the cause and following karma. The prince born of a maiden was so furious that he eventually destroyed his homeland. Maudgalyāyana (one of the Buddha’s closest disciples), who is said to have had supernatural abilities that surpassed the other disciples, could not bear to see the slaughter of innocent people. Thus, he saved five hundred people of his tribe with a pātra (an eating utensil of Buddhist monks). Unfortunately, everything he did was in vain, those who were saved eventually turned into a puddle of blood. The Buddha said that the supernatural abilities cannot surpass the power of karma. The cause and effect work all the time. When Maudgalyāyana’s mother fell into the path of hungry ghost, he used his supernatural abilities to save his mother from hunger. However, all the food turned into fire before being fed to his mother. Later, the Buddha commanded the monks to put nectar and dishes in a basin on the 15th day of the seventh month in the lunar calendar for the monks from all directions to free his mother from reincarnation. In later times, the Ullambana Dharma Service, the Compassionate Samadhi Water Repentance, and the Yoga Collection for Feeding the Searing Mouths Dharma Service are rituals to eliminate karmic hindrance and to cease to worldly delusions. Through such practices, one can free the dead as well as confess their repentance.

Madou Daitian Temple is a magnificent and colorful temple in Tainan. Not only can the worshippers visit the eighteen levels of Hell but also the Heaven (it was built in 1979 and inaugurated in 1983) here. The lighting and sound effects are stunning and frightening. When walking alone in the space, one may feel like taking a Guan Luo Yin trip (a Taoist necromancy which leads people’s spirits to hell and communicate with the dead ones) to visit the underworld prison. Before arriving the first court of the underworld, the visitor will walk through the Mountain of Heart Summit, the Pure Heart Pond, the Frontier between the Living and the Dead Realms, the Soul Registry Hall, the Portico of Demons, the Center for Complementary Teaching of Canonical Books, the Citadel of Premature Death, and the Bridge of Vanity. When one arrives at the first court, they will see King Chin-guang, who is in charge of the court, using the Mirror of Retribution to show the earthly form of evil creatures and also witness the sub-hell of Pillar-Holding and Fire Bed, etc. At the second court, King Chu-jiang collates the register of sins the souls of the dead have committed to impose the punishments. Here, you will see the sub-hell of Excrement and Urine, Hungry Ghost, Burning Dance Floor, Ice, Pus and Blood, Whipping, Tongue-Raking, Sword Blade, Stomach-Piercing, Chopping, etc. Next, the dead at the third court, ruled by King Song-di, will receive the punishments including inversion tortures, face-skinning with steel and copper knife, eye-wrenching, pounding, blood-sucking, rib-piercing, roasting, tendon-taking, being eaten by maggots. The visitor can pay a visit to the Palace of Soul-Resuscitation for the Four Forms of Creatures (birth from an egg, birth from a womb, birth from moisture, and birth by transformation). King Wu-guan is in charge of the fourth court. There are sixteen sub-hells at the fourth court including Waist Chop, Tongue Removal, Boiling Pond, Mouth-stabbing, Skin-peeling, Sword Tree, Burning Wheels and Cart, Eye-shooting, etc. Next, at the fifth court, sinful souls are allowed to ascend the Tower of Hometown-Viewing to take a final look of their family. The visitor will witness sub-hells of Knee-striking, Heart-slicing, Blade Mountain, Flying Swords and Burning Stones, etc. The King of Bian City takes charge of the sixth court, which is also known as the “Great Hell of Screaming,” with sub-hells including Fire Cattle, Tiger-Biting, Kidney-Eating, Mouth-Poking, Throat-Nailing, Iron Mill, Decapitation, etc. The King of Tai-shan is in charge of the seventh court, the “Great Hell of Heat and Fire.” The sixteen sub-hells at this court include Finger-Searing, Bowel-Hauling, Stone-Bearing, Boiling Oil, Tongue-Removal and Cheek-Piercing, etc. Next, the King Du-shi is in charge of the eighth court, the “Great Hell of Intense Fire and Heat,” and the sub-hells including Fire Dogs, Molten Iron, Iron Snakes, Dismemberment, Steel Spikes, Burning-Marrow, Iron Ball, Scale, etc. The ninth court is ruled by the King Ping-deng. It is known as the biggest court, Avici Hell (the Hell of Incessant Suffering), which if the lowest level of the hell realm and the interior is gloomily and terrifyingly dark. Those who committed the most serious evil deed will be sent to the Avici Hell. Sub-hells such as Poisonous Snake, Brain-Removal, Crow-Gnawing, Raining Needles, Wasps and Scorpions are included at this court. After arriving the tenth court, ruled by the Great King of the Reincarnation Palace, one can visit the “Observatory of Life on earth” and the “eight bureaus of the Reincarnation Palace” (including the Bureau of Judicial Control, the Bureau of Good-Actions, the Bureau of Bad-Actions, the Bureau of Debts, Gratitude, and Vengeance, the Bureau of Longevity and Destiny, the Bureau of Familial Ties, the Bureau of the Reincarnated, and the Bureau of Birth). The sinful one will be sent to the Pavilion of Mengpo and made to drink the Soup of Forgetfulness to forget all past affairs. According to the sinful one’s merits of previous life, they will go across one of the six bridges (gold, silver, jade, stone, wood, bamboo) to the “Reincarnation-Wheel (Wheel on the Crimson River).” Finally, one is able to reborn in the six realms. According to the Aṣṭadaśa nāraka sutra ( the Eighteen Hells Sutra), after one passes away, they will enter an intermediate and transitional state between death and rebirth, known as antarābhava in Sanskrit, for forty-nine days. The being will be evaluated by Yama, who will decide if one should get reborn or get punished at the hell. Those who committed the Five Grave Offenses (killing one’s father, killing one’s mother, killing an Arhat, shedding the blood of a Buddha, and creating a schism within the community of Buddhist monks and nun who practice for attaining enlightenment.) will be sent to the Avici Hell and stay there eternally. Kṣitigarbha is the Lord of the Nether World, ruling the ten court of Hell. The lord will set up the “Hall of Teaching” at each court to salvage those sinful ones who still obtain few merits at the offering rituals.

Human beings live the Sahā world (sahāloka in Sanskrit, meaning “endurance of suffering,” a concept of mundane world in Mahāyāna Buddhism) where they share with other reincarnations (including beings of the hells, of the preta, and of malevolent nature spirits) with five turbidities (the Kalpa turbidity, the view turbidity, the affliction turbidity, the living beings turbidity, and the life turbidity). Those who commit the ten evil deeds (killing, stealing, adultery, lying, using immoral language, slandering, equivocating, coveting, anger, and false views) must fall into the three evil paths (animals, preta, and hell). However, how can one escape from the three realms/ twenty-eight heavens (including the six heavens of the desire realm, the eighteen heavens of the form realm, and the four heavens of the formless realm)? Worldly people who don’t have such an awareness cannot leave the cycle of the twelve nidanas (meaning causes or motivations), let alone eliminate the eighty-one afflictions (that have been produced due to misunderstanding regarding reality) and the eighty-eight illusions (including five afflictions of advanced practitioners, also known as five views: view of self, extreme view, evil view, view of attachment to views, and view of morality; and five unintelligent temptations: desire, anger, stupidity, arrogance, and doubt) of thought within the three realms and four Arya satyas (noble truths, including suffering, arising, ending, and path). They cannot realize that the essence of the five skandhas (referring to aggregates of clinging, including the matter of form, sensation, recognition, mental formation, and consciousness) , the twelve ayatana (meaning sense base, including six internal bases: eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind and six external bases: visible objects, sound, odor, taste, touch, and mental objects), and the eighteen dhātavah (meaning compositional elements of human existence, including six consciousness, six faculties, and their objects) are the emptiness and the void. Furthermore, they cannot dispel the two reasons for clinging to the idea of the self and the attachment to elemental constructs and even believe in the two (false) tenets that that karma and nirvana are not real and that the ego and phenomena are real. As a consequence, they fail to develop the eleven wholesome mental factors (faith, energy, conscience, being ashamed, non-attachment, non-aggression, non-delusion, calmness, equanimity, conscientiousness, and non-injuriousness) and cease the sixteen unwholesome mental factors (desire, greed, anger, delusion, arrogance, doubt, wrong view, wrath, enmity, hypocrisy, vexation, jealousy, parsimony, deceit, flattery, harming, ambitiousness, stupidity, lacking of faith, idleness, being unrestrained, forgetting, distraction, non-discernment, ). One must bear in mind that once all our virtuous roots are discontinued, they will be trapped in the never-ending reincarnation and the suffering of infinite continuity.
Is it possible that the hell will be empty one day? If the beings in hell will become extinct while evil spirits inhabit the mundane world, the world could be considered as a pure land. If we could witness the nature of the void, then hell will exist no more.
Since ancient times, the concept of hell has been widely spread among all tribes. Aging, death, beginning, and end are the basis of nature and the core of cosmic consciousness. However, the prosperous civilization as our island is not a place where desire can be eliminated. It’s impossible to eradicate evil nature. Since fetters brought by the constitution, the state, the law, society, the military, corporations, schools, families, and groups are not less than the eighteen levels of hell, the mortals repress themselves, bury their feelings. Day after day, greed, anger, stupidity, arrogance, doubt, and resentment are stacking. However, since the six dust (visible objects, sound, odor, taste, touch, and mental objects) has not yet been extinguished, people in the mundane world are still full of delusions. The demons, devils, evil spirits, and the wondering dead exist in the wilderness, while only advanced practitioners with transcendent would attempt to make contact with the dead in the wasteland and forest. Worldly people like us trespass in Disneyland-like man-made hell. It is absurd and ridiculous that the hellish scenes cannot stop us from perpetrating evil deeds, but the horrific and cruel scenes yet satisfy our self-righteous shame.

The pandemic has been boiling over for more than a year and a half. The number of infected patients worldwide is nearly a hundred and eighty million, and the death toll has risen to four million, which is equivalent to a war crisis. I hope that we can all be compassionate, give peace to the dead, treat all sentient beings well and equally. The hell is innately empty; however, deluded and misleading thoughts would give rise to all jealousy and hatred and then manifest the hell before us. This book merely serves as a memorandum of conscience for dictators of the world’s new cold war, supporters of unrestrained warfare, dark web hackers, and those who are cunning and contemptuous and maltreat others when knowing they have problems.

June 2021,

Yao Jui-chung

疫情爆發以來，藝術家能做的事不多，平常就閉關在家其實挺習慣，但是總想為社會做些事、幫上忙，想了半天安撫人心也許還行吧！於是另一本「地獄空」將趕在中元普渡八月初出版上市，由典藏出版社社長發心首肯出版，設計名家黃子欽操刀，附贈很多符咒給大家趨吉避凶。諸惡莫作，眾善奉行，疫情消退，平安喜樂。附上後記給大家解封後參訪這些宮廟，觀照自己的心所。全文如下：

野放台灣五十餘年，貪狼獨坐，三方四正殺破狼格局，少年多舛，白手起家，隨展覽雲遊四海，如閒雲野鶴常持各類底片機流連廢墟、山川、宮廟忘返，遂設幻影堂自詡堂主，一日三省「凡所有相皆是虛妄」，常宅於暗房沖片放大通宵、鐘情黑白世界之單純，彩色照片俗世繽紛花俏做作甜美甚至比現實更現實故少拍也。知天命之年有餘，了悟人生一瞬、眨眼即逝，雖非仙人，亦無道骨，初聞離垢地生清淨心，但離華嚴「不動地」尚遠，待修持也。

2017年盛暑拍畢「巨神連線」，心律不整差點心肌梗塞向閻羅王報到，意識死神隨伺在側，人生苦短，如何了生脫死、盡斷煩惱、無所罣礙、遠離顛倒…總不得解，蒙釋迦摩尼佛開示飆淚三晝夜，聞佛法數載始知自我渺如塵埃，甚感慚愧。閒暇乃參訪名寺古剎，禮敬焚香佛陀菩薩羅漢諸神天仙王爺媽娘，台灣宮廟千奇百怪、宗派錯綜複雜（佛教、道教、一貫道、天主教、基督教、齋教、回教＆大同教、儒教鸞堂、天帝教＆天德教、慈惠堂＆勝安宮、軒轅教、道院、理教、萬國道德會、會靈山…）、神棍橫行（依人不依法、偶像崇拜、斂財、邪淫），因歷史變遷、社會動盪、政治鬥爭、意識形態等因素導致佛道混雜，但地獄造景稀少，後專注拍攝各殿閻王、判官、陰司、獄卒、七爺、八爺乃至一切罪人，各寺造景巧妙、耐人尋味，意境乖張溢於言表，造型扭曲非常人所能塑也，然匠心獨運、自成一格，專研西方藝術數十載方知真誠樸拙最美，絲毫不輸喬托（Giotto di Bondone，1267～1337）乃至米開郎基羅（Michelangelo Di lodovico Buonarroti Simoni 1475 ~ 1564）矣。

創立於1986年的石門金剛宮風景優美可眺望北濱，雖主祀四面佛，儒釋道眾神尊也不含糊，可過七星橋解厄、繞行五百黝黑羅漢敲鑼印心、跪拜亞洲最大臥佛涅槃像，安太歲自不在話下，甲子太歲爺雙眼長出手掌印象甚深，1994年經閻羅王指示廟公建造一條肚內設極樂世界及陰曹地府之神龍，行走暗黑通道觸動感應機關，只見面容猙獰受刑者呼天搶地喊冤、身邊盡是血肉糢糊殘肢敗屍腦漿塗地，十殿閻羅各司其職、威儀攝人。新北市林口區青嶺湖北文紫祥宮包公廟則以壁面彩塑地獄浮雕獨步全台，粉嫩色彩搭配卡漫風格，尤為造型簡直恐怖到可愛透頂，該廟主祀森羅殿閻羅天子包拯（包青天），陽世冤屈者可至此參拜祭解，求破懸案者眾，逢中元普渡皆以紙紮船渡亡魂至彼岸，全台唯一閻羅天子巨像籌備中，四周環繞墓地，適合修不淨觀也。台灣首尊彰化八卦山大佛旁南天宮（1971）地府則是首座電動地府，規模精小但驚嚇度破表，略顯破敗但五光十色仍蠻凶悍，出自已故台南大道長金登富之作，而電動神明起始可追溯至1960年代北港朝天宮。倒是嘉義水上鄉白人牙膏觀光工廠「戴相府」、「將軍府」設置十殿地府出乎意料之外，乾淨亮麗、ㄧ殿ㄧ間、簡單樸實。由高雄蓮潭龍虎塔龍口入內可見全臺唯一交趾陶地獄牆面，尊尊栩栩如生，續入龍身乃進聞聲救苦白衣觀音大士三十三化身浮雕隧道，造型設色甚為古錐。高雄大岡山超峰寺入口處「西方三聖蓮池海會」（阿彌陀佛、觀世音菩薩、大勢至菩薩巨像）旁設靜態十殿閻羅（1970年代初），雖略為陳舊然韻味猶存，續往上行可抵「證菩提道－釋迦如來應化事迹」雕塑園區，一攬世尊畢生精華。如來年邁時，琉璃國王為報長期被釋迦族輕蔑之傲慢心，世尊雖三次單獨伽跌坐阻擋大軍進攻之路，但因緣果報無法逆轉，昔日婢女所生王子瞋恨無以復加，還是滅了祖國。自持神通第一目犍連不忍無辜百姓慘糟屠殺，遂以缽盛救度五百族人，最終卻化為血水，佛言神通廣大仍不敵千百劫業力，因緣果報屢試不爽。其母死後墜入餓鬼道飢餓難耐，目犍連遂展神通救渡，但所食尚未入口皆化為赤火，佛陀囑咐農曆七月十五日僧眾解安居自恣日，於盆中設甘露美食供養十方僧眾，因此超度亡母。後世「盂蘭盆法會」乃至「水懺法會」、「瑜珈焰口法會」皆為消業障、斷塵垢之超渡儀軌，既渡亡魂也自懺悔。

台南麻豆代天府規模宏大、造型豔麗，不但可遊十八層地獄尚可逛天堂（1979年興建，1983年開放)，燈光絢爛、聲響駭人，獨自漫步宛如觀落陰、地獄走一回。先過「心頭山」、入「清心池」、進「陰陽界」、抵「交簿廳」、達「鬼門關」、遊「補經所」、探「枉死城」、行「奈何橋」，至ㄧ殿泰廣王照「孽鏡台」現造惡原形，睹抱柱、火床等小地獄。二殿楚江王開「陰查簿」判案定奪，觀糞尿泥、餓鬼、舞池、寒冰、膿血、鞭韃、舌犁、劍葉、戟腹拋接、砧截…等小地獄。三殿宋帝王刑罰為倒吊、銅鐵刮臉、挖眼、搗樁、倒烤、吸血、穿肋、抽筋、蛆蛀等小地獄…兼遊「四生（胎、卵、濕、化）回魂府」。四殿五官王掌管腰斬、拔舌、沸湯、刺嘴、剝皮、箭樹、車崩、射眼…等十六小地獄。隨五殿森羅王豋「望鄉臺」回眸親人最終眼後觀擊膝、誅心、刀山、飛刀火石…小地獄。六殿卞城王別稱「大叫喚大地獄」，轄火牛、虎啖、噬腎、鉗嘴含鍼、釘喉、磨摧、砍頭…等小地獄。七殿泰山王為「熱惱大地獄」，窺烙手指、抽腸、頂石蹲身、油釜滾烹、割舌穿腮…等十六小地獄。八殿都市王掌管「大熱惱大地獄」兼火狗、鐵汁、鐵蛇、鋸劈斷肢、釘板、灸脊、鐵丸、磅秤…等小地獄。九殿平等王直轄十八層「阿鼻大地獄」，直透地心、內中陰森、不見五指、滿溢地漿，皆為極犯，另轄紫赤毒蛇鑽孔、夾頂、鐵鴉、針雨、蜂蠍…等小地獄。至十殿輪轉王上「觀生臺」、「轉劫所八司」（查驗司 、稽善司 、考過司 、恩怨司 、壽命司 、支配司、掌劫司 、授生司）後至「孟婆亭」飲「醧忘湯」忘盡前塵往事，依前世功德過金、銀、玉、石、木、竹六種橋樑至「轉輪臺（紫河車）」入六道輪迴轉生投胎。據「十八泥犁經」記載，人過世後七七四十九天為「中陰生」，經閻羅王審判善惡業力判定去留或懲罰百千萬劫，犯五逆重罪則墮入「無間地獄（阿鼻地獄）」永劫不復。地藏王乃幽冥教主，統轄十殿閻羅，逢三曹普渡便在各殿設「講道所」超度尚存善根之鬼魂。

人類居於五趣（阿修羅、人、傍生、餓鬼、地獄）雜居地五濁惡世之堪忍世界，犯十惡業（殺生、偷盜、邪淫、妄語、兩舌、惡口、綺語、貪慾、嗔恚、愚痴）者必墮三趣惡道。如何出「三界」（欲界、色界、無色界）二十八天？凡人無此意識，別說能破「十二因緣」（無明、行、識、名色、六入、觸、受、愛、取、有、生、老死）還滅門，更別想斷除「四聖諦」（苦、集、滅、道）集地八十一品見惑與八十八使思惑（五利使-身見、邊見、邪見、見取見、戒禁取見、五鈍使-貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑），了悟「五蘊」（色、受、想、行、識）本空、「十二入」（眼、耳、鼻、舌、意、色、聲、香、味、觸、法）空、「十八界」空，破俱生我執與分別我執、法執甚至空執，生十一處「善心所」（信、精進、慚、愧、無貪、無瞋、無痴、輕安、不放逸、行捨、不害），降二十六處「惡心所」（貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑、惡見、忿、恨、覆、惱、嫉、慳、誑、諂、害、憍、無慚、無愧、掉舉、惛沉、不信、懈怠、放逸、失念、散亂、不正知），須知善根斷盡則陷永劫輪迴、無垠轉世之苦。

地獄可能空滅嗎？若地獄空乏人間多鬼怪，地獄淨空世間何嘗非淨土？若能證空性何處現地獄？

地獄曠古來便廣泛流傳各部族間，老死生滅為自然運行之基礎、宇宙意識之核心，然今文明昌盛如咱城邦並非慾望消弭之所，惡性所及實無可根除，礙於憲法國家法律社會軍隊企業公司學校家庭團體之層層束縛不亞於十八層，乃遁於壓抑、束己情懷，暗埋心底、日久貪嗔痴慢疑怨噌會疊穢。而六塵未熄，心多妄念，妖魔鬼怪魑魅魍魎孤魂閃靈出沒於荒郊乃至人間，會靈於曠野密林以增性靈乃出世高人修煉之舉，我等凡人擅闖宛如迪士尼般之人造地獄，三魂七魄尚不足以出竅，驚邪恐怖淒厲猙獰倒滿足了自以為是的慚愧，豈不謬哉？

病毒肆虐年半有餘，全球確診者逼近一億八千萬，枉死者近四百萬，堪比戰爭規模，望眾生發慈悲心、令往生者安息、善待其他物種、平等有情眾生。地獄本空，唯妄念生起一切羨慕嫉妒恨而地獄現前。盡以此書作為世界新冷戰獨裁者、超限戰者、暗網駭客、陰險狡猾冷嘲熱諷落井下石者之良知備忘錄矣。

姚瑞中寫於2021年端午節

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(中) $55 / 份
(小) $40 /份
-
附贈小菜四樣，黃瓜、蒜頭、薑片、泡菜！
小菜處理得很好~~所以吃起來很開胃。
-
小洞天米腸香腸
地址：新竹市東區建功路27號
電話：(03)571-7077
營業時間：週一~週五 13:30-23:30/週六~週日 15:00-23:30


=======================

《新竹美食旅遊+延伸閱讀》

自費體驗【2021新車開箱】Kymco FAMOUS 新名流 125 ABS七期
https://youtu.be/JegWosrAeh0​​​​​​​​​...


【5分鐘出好菜】台式炸年糕，作法超簡單！
https://youtu.be/EZDy4RmUDYo​​​​​​​​​...


【2021福袋懶人包】寶雅福袋！登錄發票再抽奧迪百萬名車
https://youtu.be/0WjfOxnrC7g​​​​​​​​​...


茂昌草本茶：紅豆花芝圓，香Q可口
https://youtu.be/qwDSgudhIyI​​​​​​​​​...


Bingo 賓果廚房，濃湯，飲品，冰淇淋，甜湯，餅乾無限暢飲
https://youtu.be/uHblB22h50k​​​​​​​​​...


【2020新竹寶山鄉】秘境之旅！
https://youtu.be/TT1EHN2TNBo​​​​​​​​​...


帝王食補，胡椒豬肚雞口味清爽
https://youtu.be/cZaUte_UO-U​​​​​​​​​...


黑糖飄香遊新城，甘蔗職人體驗好好玩！
https://youtu.be/9tm9DKfNQ8Y​​​​​​​​​...


日本進口鮪魚蔥花丼甘鮮滑腴，油嫩爽口！
https://youtu.be/E4YpsGWkwLQ​​​​​​​​​...


肥滋滋鯛魚燒！一隻25元
https://youtu.be/dAMxqQi1tNk​​​​​​​​​...


傳承三代的純樸家鄉味，雅珍號ㄍㄜㄍㄜ羹
https://youtu.be/vsTefYqVxYs​​​​​​​​​...


北門炸粿，百年老店！
https://youtu.be/I2V2BBxxwEM​​​​​​​​​...


涼冰菓店，五十年代古早冰棒！
https://youtu.be/El4Uj1poHXQ​​​​​​​​​...


甘木赤水咖啡館，真正的手做蛋糕只有親嚐才知道
https://youtu.be/fy7bOEHrQGE​​​​​​​​​...


無名雞蛋糕，一個六元
https://youtu.be/ZqbJgND-_Os​​​​​​​​​...


到日式老屋「湖畔生活」的豊賀伴手，快樂吃梅花冰
https://youtu.be/pjKjesa6jPk​​​​​​​​​...


美美早餐點心館，脆脆的香酥餅皮配上雙蛋
https://youtu.be/_7Uwd5lm_cg​​​​​​​​​...


熊寶廚房健康滷味，家傳私房菜
https://youtu.be/gxl0nDYz4Sw​​​​​​​​​...


竹北鄧記牛肉餡餅！爆漿牛肉餡餅
https://youtu.be/c30gi9EBQfM​​​​​​​​​...


新竹旅遊Vlog X來新竹市採荔枝
https://youtu.be/jjSTs0jOlMg​​​​​​​​​...


金陵包子，鮮肉包就是要配青辣椒
https://youtu.be/Ynv9rgh1J0A​​​​​​​​​...


竹北音樂酒吧推薦！Soul bar DJ現場演奏
https://youtu.be/QKXPsolWYOw​​​​​​​​​...


料多味美的禾日香魯肉飯專門店
https://youtu.be/_fgCv-EiKWY​​​​​​​​​...


草本茶 竹北勝利店，開幕慶！
https://youtu.be/rLMBXPVwX4Y​​​​​​​​​...


吳家紅茶冰-中正店，歡慶開幕
https://youtu.be/pCYk25OgpMI​​​​​​​​​...


【新竹湖口老街美食推薦】小窩口窯烤Pizza
https://youtu.be/n0C_5Ff20Mc​​​​​​​​​...


【新竹美食週記】湖口老街-邱媽媽客家美食
https://youtu.be/LEEHvLdXICw​​​​​​​​​...


鄭家祖傳特製雞蛋糕！民國57年創立
https://youtu.be/L0Nre8kjbR0​​​​​​​​​...


東門旺角！母親節大餐推薦
https://youtu.be/ufGGvDWSlq0​​​​​​​​​...


【新竹假日花市】香Q可口的白玉米只要10元！
https://youtu.be/9NZ6y3H1bmk​​​​​​​​​...


肆爺炒泡麵！三杯雞炒泡麵創新又美味！
https://youtu.be/xIYNnhQRs4M​​​​​​​​​...


烤桶柑橘子！阿嬤的古老智慧
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_uK3J......


【竹北人的後花園】厚食聚落
https://youtu.be/Q_8qVxIX3Ag​​​​​​​​​...


老漁港新海鮮美式餐廳，十全十美水桶海鮮
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yZdqH......


ㄤ咕麵，新竹關西人氣老店
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hzAFR......


燒番麥！一級棒碳烤玉米
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k1TKl......


太空總薯，現烤現做起司馬鈴薯香濃可口
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yVjTr......


米咕家的日式飯糰好吃又健康啊！
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VuSlG......


璽子牛肉麵，斤餅專賣店！斤餅很好吃阿！
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QjPwU......


竹蓮市場上好佳筒仔米糕，手工現切的肉燥飯
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vv4Wm......

======================================

❤ 艾蛙的社群 / 歡迎追蹤 ❤
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Website：https://www.aiwamkt.com/​​​​​​

＃記得打開ＣＣ字幕　＃塊陶啊　＃無處可逃QQ

✔︎ 成為志祺七七會員：http://bit.ly/join_shasha77
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各節重點：
【臺灣焦點】
00:27 Uber Eats罷工失敗
01:30 勞動部擬訂外送員安全指引
02:42 無處可去的順天美術館館藏
03:56 宜蘭公娼館「松月屋」正式走入歷史
【國際關注】
04:47 中非雨林和西伯利亞極圈也身陷火海
06:04 印尼確定遷都
07:04 朝鮮「脫北」者疑在首爾餓死
08:08 英國首相奏請女王暫停國會運作
09:24 國際強迫失蹤日
【溫馨新聞】
10:37 技職奧運台灣選手大放異彩


【 製作團隊 】

｜企劃：土龍
｜腳本：力寧、土龍
｜剪輯後製：絲繡
｜剪輯助理：絲繡 ＆ 范范
｜演出：志祺

——

【 本集參考資料 】

🔸外送平台相關新聞
→ Uber Eats外送員串連全台中午「罷工」，但他們算是「員工」嗎？：https://bit.ly/2k36D8Y
→ Uber Eats獎勵機制爭議 司機面臨高工時危機：https://bit.ly/2lQyM3o
→ Foodpanda外送員醞釀罷工？網友硬起來組工會：已經準備好了 參加人數曝光 ：https://bit.ly/2lYqFly
→ 嘉義、彰化也加入！Uber Eats祭出「9月全台滿90元免運」搶客：https://bit.ly/2lRiwz9
→ 颱風天禁止外送！勞動部與業者達共識 將制定「行政指導」：https://bit.ly/2lwgUL6
→ 勞部將訂定安全指引 食物外送員颱風天可不出勤：https://bit.ly/2lx6oDk
🔸順天美術館館藏捐贈文化部
→ 順天美術館652件館藏「回家」捐贈文化部 交棒國美館典藏：https://bit.ly/2lAqwok
→ 重建台灣藝術史 美國順天美術館珍藏畫作回家了：https://bit.ly/2jYAEXk
→ 橫跨半世紀台灣藝術史 順天美術館600件藏品返鄉：https://bit.ly/2lvdyrS
→ 台中州廳修復後 文化局盼維持辦公與商用：https://bit.ly/2kqoPJJ
→ 台美史料中心——順天美術館的簡介：https://bit.ly/2lB7w8S
🔸宜蘭最後一家公Ｏ館停業
→ 我的媽媽是老Ｏ…她見證松月屋洗淨鉛華：https://bit.ly/2lSrwE9
→ 宜蘭最後一家Ｏ院熄燈 女兒：我們以媽媽為榮：https://bit.ly/2lSrzQl
→ 一個時代的終結：宜蘭最後一家公Ｏ館「松月屋」結束營業：https://bit.ly/2k2MCPQ
→ 台灣公Ｏ館漸入歷史！澎湖「沁樂園」剩3人 年齡加起來超過150歲：https://bit.ly/2jYAUpg
🔸中非和西伯利亞也大火
→ 比亞馬遜大火嚴重？中非「萬起野火」肆虐森林：https://bit.ly/2KXUWLf
→ 不只亞馬遜雨林，西伯利亞極圈和「非洲之肺」都慘遭大火襲擊中：https://bit.ly/2lC9aHj
→ 西伯利亞末日野火：320萬公頃森林「燃燒中」，普丁出兵急救災：https://bit.ly/2lCAkxK
🔸印尼遷都
→ 搬離雅加達！ 印尼總統正式宣布遷都至婆羅洲：https://bit.ly/2jYBhAa
→ 雅加達海水圍城、交通壅塞、人口爆炸… 印尼正式宣布遷都加里曼丹島：https://bit.ly/2kgKq7w
→ 印尼計畫遷都 原住民恐被迫離開祖居地：https://bit.ly/2lx73oi
🔸朝鮮「脫北」者疑在首爾餓Ｏ
→ 朝鮮脫北女母子「餓Ｏ」首爾：悲劇揭示韓國哪些真相：https://bbc.in/2lup2Mj
→ 朝鮮脫北女孩：從Ｏ情直播網站逃離之路：https://bbc.in/2lCABAM
→ 脫北者的悲歌！母子逃到首爾打拼 竟餓Ｏ數月才被發現：https://bit.ly/2kt5CHc
→ 脫北女遭中國人蛇Ｏ禁淪Ｏ情直播主 逃亡東南亞12天終獲自由：https://bit.ly/2lVzI6F
🔸英首相拖延國會
→ 英相搬出女王關閉國會 硬脫歐機率破表：https://bit.ly/2lXjwSy
→ 英相強生出招暫停國會 女王無法說不：https://bit.ly/2UckXJK
→ 反對英相延長國會休會 萬名群眾上街抗議：https://bit.ly/2lXjCJU
→ 力阻無協議脫歐噩夢》英國34座城市將舉行「阻擋政變、捍衛民主」大遊行：https://bit.ly/2kqpWcn
→ 首相強制休會引爆爭議 「恢復國會運作」連署突破140萬人：https://bit.ly/2khXQQH
→ 強森為硬脫歐硬休會 英國「老」首相怒參戰阻止：https://bit.ly/2lZjz0h
→ 拚3天完成立法 英國在野黨力抗「硬脫歐」：https://bit.ly/2lSsJLH
→ 英國脫歐讓國家四分五裂，CNN：強森恐將成為末代「聯合王國首相」：https://bit.ly/2lSsPmx
🔸國際強迫Ｏ蹤日
→ 8月30日國際失蹤者日 數以萬計遭「強迫Ｏ蹤」：https://bit.ly/2lx7MG2
→ 國際強迫Ｏ蹤者日：中共「指定居所監視居住」如何對付受害者？：https://bit.ly/2jYBTps
→ 香港白色恐怖蔓延？831遊行前夕，黃之鋒、周庭突發被捕：https://bit.ly/2k2NJPw
🔸技職奧運 台灣選手表現優異
→ 技能競賽勇奪5金 蘇貞昌：選手加入國慶英雄車隊：https://bit.ly/2lx7TBs
→ 「技職界的奧運」落幕：汽車噴漆首次拿下金牌，台灣5金5銀5銅排世界第四：https://bit.ly/2krsgzS
→ 技職奧運：台灣排名世界第四！奪5金5銀5銅23優勝：http://bit.ly/2kgXM3G

【 延伸閱讀 】

🔸外送平台相關新聞
→ 美食外送平台黯然歇業 學者點出生存3大關鍵：https://bit.ly/2kgVXDS
→ Uber Eats外送員串連全台中午「罷工」，但他們算是「員工」嗎？：https://bit.ly/2k36D8Y
→ 影／UberEats罷工沒人理！外送員4看法突破盲點　「匿名發起人」遭圍勦：短視近利：https://bit.ly/2kqtI5q
🔸順天美術館館藏捐贈文化部
→ 台中州廳修復再利用 中市府將辦說明會傾聽民意：https://bit.ly/2kt4VxA
🔸宜蘭最後一家公Ｏ館停業
→ 200米紅毛土路暗藏14家私Ｏ寮：https://bit.ly/2jYB1Bc
🔸中非和西伯利亞也大火
→ 西伯利亞野火、阿拉斯加熱浪，北極地區的負荷已達臨界點：https://bit.ly/2lYqYNf
🔸印尼遷都
→ 印尼遷都：盤點那些曾經遷都的國家：https://bbc.in/2jVOgm8
→ 熱錢卡位先... 印尼還沒遷都 就有投機客去炒地皮：https://bit.ly/2lSsgJr
→ 印尼遷都後續影響 學者：恐有軍備競賽：https://bit.ly/2kt56sL
🔸國際強迫Ｏ蹤日
→ 台灣人李孟居赴港經商疑「被Ｏ蹤」多日 鄉長越洋籲國際關切：https://bit.ly/2lVzRXL
→ 【國際強迫Ｏ蹤者日】這些女性不惜犧牲一切也要找回摯愛：https://bit.ly/2lx9PKp
🔸技職奧運 台灣選手表現優異
→ 全國技能競賽冠軍的無奈：技優生進大學後大多忙著不要被二一⋯⋯：http://bit.ly/2jXXFJX
→ 當技能競賽46年來只為了「選拔國手」，台灣的職業訓練還剩下什麼？：http://bit.ly/2jYC9Vs
→ 歷史─原來國際技能競賽是因此而誕生！：http://bit.ly/2lx8aV0


＼每週７天，每天７點，每次７分鐘，和我們一起了解更多有趣的生活議題吧！／
🥁七七仔們如果想寄東西關懷七七團隊與志祺，傳送門如下：
106台北市大安區羅斯福路二段111號8樓

如有業務需求，請洽：hi@simpleinfo.cc

豬扒向來是香港庶民美食代表，從茶餐廳到粉麵店，都找到用豬扒做的美味菜式，豬扒包、焗豬扒飯、吉列豬扒，港式、中式、日式做法，不論用平價的急凍貨抑或用本地豬扒，都各有風味，豐儉由人。

鋒膳
地址：灣仔石水渠街69-71號年威閣2樓B號鋪
電話：2267 0288
營業時間：12nn-3pm，6:30pm-11:30pm
詳情： http://bit.ly/2Jg4Oh8

焗豬扒飯在不少高級粵菜館都有提供，這間藏身灣仔舊區內的鋒膳就做得出色。大廚兼老闆黎兆鋒(Nansen)出身飲食世家，爸爸黎汝森入行超過四十多年，曾是鄭裕彤開設富萬年酒樓（已結業）的總廚，後來自立門戶開了東湖海鮮酒家，Nansen從小已懂吃愛喝，兩年前開了這間私房菜。


晚市貴，平均消費過千多二千元，午市亦不便宜，用一級食材來做碟頭飯，賣百多元的番茄豬扒飯，不用茄汁，用新鮮荷蘭番茄來做茄醬，鮮酸開胃，豬扒用日本黑豚，肉香豐富，賣相標青。價錢更包括一碗足料鮮甜的爵士湯，是貴族版焗豬扒飯。

翠華餐廳
地址：灣仔駱克道54-62號博匯大廈2樓
電話：2542 2288
營業時間：7am-1am
詳情： http://bit.ly/2BX4K36

連鎖店的焗豬扒飯又平又好味。但眾多店中，哪家出色？早陣子，入行30多年的中菜名廚鍾志強，為我們實試5間連鎖店的出品後，挑選了翠華餐廳為連鎖店中的焗豬扒飯之王。

翠華餐廳的焗豬扒飯全是即叫即焗，色澤金黃，醬汁飽滿，香氣撲鼻。豬扒是厚切，口感、肉汁都豐富，入口一咬，鬆軟程度恰到好處，配料豐富，蘑菇、甘筍粒、洋葱、西芹及紅蘿蔔。醬汁調味也豐富惹味。美中不足是飯，雖然有香味，但煮飯時下得太多水，令飯太濕，未能粒粒分明。賣$72，價錢比其他連鎖店都貴些少。


炊豕店
地址：銅鑼灣加路連山道11號地下
電話：2805 6665
營業時間：星期一至日12nn-9pm
詳情： http://bit.ly/2TC245a

炊豕店於2013年開業，只賣家常菜，秘製豬扒、南乳豬手、滷水蛋、滷水雞翼等，再放在白飯上吃，簡單卻美味。帶骨豬扒以薑葱蒜醃足一日再炸香，肥瘦均勻，入味腍滑，再淋上手切五花肉的台式肉燥，是最原始的滿足肉香。除了白飯，亦可配粗麵或幼麵。全店裝修懷舊，綠白瓷磚、手繪黑尾公雞碗、斑駁的藍綠鐵凳，全是老闆珍藏。最近在中環開分店，坐得較舒服。

豬大王
電話：9069 3886
地址：旺角黑布街99號昌明大廈地下C號鋪
營業時間：11am-11pm
詳情： http://bit.ly/2MU2ywT

豬大王單是店名，已告訴大家主角是豬，屯門、旺角都有店。豬大王以雞翼、豬扒聞名，豬扒醃得入味，即叫即煎，厚身但鬆軟，鹹香入味，非常可口。另外豬雜亦出色，店主Mo哥表示單是洗豬雜便要花一整個上午，每款都要花個多小時沖水把內臟裏的血沖洗掉，各款內臟該爽的爽，要粉的粉，質感味道都是應有的準繩。小店平時所配搭的粉麵及湯底都只是平平，建議加錢轉加芫荽皮蛋湯，甘鮮下火。

Porker
地址：中環威靈頓街55號地庫
電話：6706 5298
營業時間：星期一至五12nn-3pm，6pm-11pm；星期六及日12nn-10pm
詳情： http://bit.ly/2NJglXu

日本吉列豬扒專門店，是人氣燒肉店298 Nikuya的姊妹店，裝修以撲克牌為主題，環境有些逼狹，位於地庫內，勝在隱蔽。

餐牌以豬肉為主題，採用鹿兒島三元豚，提供吉列豬柳、吉列豚肉餅、吉列豬柳三文治等不同吉列吃法，所有豚肉在日本屠宰後，經過控制溫度、濕度熟成起碼一個月，令肉味更濃，肉質更柔軟。即叫即炸，外層酥脆，配合豬扒外的肥脂，入口油香。每天都會轉換用過的油，沒有討厭的油味。

除了吉列豬扒，還有多款豬肉不同部位的小吃，吉列煙肉、香荽豬耳、醋豬雜都是惹味之選。

老友記
地址：中環華賢坊東17號地鋪
營業時間：11:30am-8pm（星期一休息）
電話：6189 6898
詳情： http://bit.ly/2Cm59gr

人氣小店，裝修以舊屋村為主題，撥輪電話、嘉頓玻璃杯、初代紅白機、上下架床，是打卡勝地。賣懷舊小食如豬扒包、燒賣、魚蛋、豬油渣銀針粉等。豬扒包跟別處不同，是洋葱豬扒包的版本，洋葱炒得焦糖化，爽甜，豬扒分量足，肉多，麵包是軟身豬扒包，略為薄身。

編輯：楊志強

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