【當後摩爾時代來臨,你不可不知的先進封裝技術:2.5D&3D封裝以及Fan-out封裝】
上週我們分享了SiP封裝以及載板技術,這次來聊聊「2.5D&3D封裝」以及「扇出型封裝(Fan-out Packaging)」!🤓
▍ 2.5D&3D先進封裝技術,改善製程成本與物理限制
過去摩爾定律能夠持續往前走的原因,在於半導體業可以在更小的晶片製程中放進更多元件。不過隨著製程走向物理極限,業界開始思考如何改善製程、降低成本,將晶片疊高以突破物理極限為方式之一,因此立體封裝技術成為熱門話題。其中較為人熟知的就是2.5D與3D封裝。
▍ 扇出型封裝技術(Fan-out Packaging),應用多元,更具市場競爭力!
扇出型封裝技術一般是將晶片封裝在200或300毫米的圓形晶圓內,又分為扇出型晶圓級封裝(Fan-Out Wafer Level Packaging;FOWLP),及扇出型面板級封裝(Fan-Out Panel Level Packaging;FOPLP)。此技術運用再分佈層技術(Re-Distribution Layer),可有效提高I/O腳位數。扇出型封裝技術不僅讓產品達到更輕薄的外型,也讓生產成本下降,成為近年最受關注的先進封裝技術。
點擊下方圖片,了解更多!👇
這個月,SEMI分別介紹了不同的先進封裝技術,希望大家對這個主題有更深的了解🤓今年我們也將SEMICON Taiwan最重要的半導體先進封裝技術論壇「SiP 系統級封測國際高峰論壇」升級為【異質整合高峰論壇】,深度探討異質整合如何驅動新興未來的技術與應用市場發展,歡迎大家持續關注SEMI最新活動消息!⭐
#SEMI
#先進封裝
「半導體 layer」的推薦目錄:
半導體 layer 在 范疇文集 Facebook 的最讚貼文
Taiwan Can Achieve More,
But It Takes Bilingualism
台灣可成就更高 但需要「雙語國力」
《作者從事與雙語教育相關的工作已斷斷續續30餘年。雙語已成國策,那就身體力行,開始用雙語發表意見吧。歡迎讀者對此形式提供您的意見及指教》
Among all sustaining forces, what Taiwan lacks most is the force of language. When people talk about a country’s competitiveness, most likely the main benchmarks are the military force, wealth force, technology force or even cultural force. The concept of“Force of Language”rarely came into mind. But in fact, linguistic capability is one of the key factors that can make or break a country in the long run , if not in the short.
在所有的可持續力量中,台灣最缺的就是語言的力量。當人們談論國家的競爭力時,通常主要的標竿都是軍事力量、財富力量、技術力量,甚至文化力量,而想都想不到「語言力量」這回事。但事實上,語言表達的能力,遲早也將是國家成敗的關鍵要素之一。
Examples are plenty. Take the tiny country of Singapore as a sample. Its existence and survival rests upon its capacity in applying and managing multi-lingual resources. Without that force of language, it can’t possibly thrive in a geographical setting as complex as this – with Malaysia on the north, Indonesia on the South-West, India to the West, and, particularly, the landmass of China up north. Geography is both a blessing and a curse to the country of Singapore, but its multi-linguistic capacity is a pure blessing. Without it, Singapore would still have been a trading center in that region and there is no way for it to have become one of the worldwide financial centers as today.
例子不勝枚舉,小小的新加坡就是一個樣本。它的生存,基於它運用、管理多重語言資源的氣度和能力。若缺少了這種「語言國力」,新加坡不可能在如此複雜的地理環境下茁壯 – 北有馬來西亞,西南有印度尼西亞,西有印度,尤其遠遠的北方還有中國這樣一塊大陸。地緣對新加坡這個國家既是祝福也是詛咒,但其多語能量則是百分之百的祝福。若非掌握語言國力,新加坡或許還能成為區域的貿易中心,但沒有可能變成今日的世界金融中心之一。
Hong Kong, in the past tense, also benefited tremendously from its bilingualism. By comparison, the mighty city of Shanghai in China will never replace the economic role Hong Kong used to play for China. I remember a sharp comment made by the past Premier of Singapore, Mr. Lee Kuan Yew. Many years ago when visiting Taiwan, he was asked this question by a reporter : “Can you foresee Shanghai replacing Hong Kong one day“? “Never!”was Lee’s reply. “Why?” Here comes the issue of the force of language, “Because I simply can’t see that the Shanghainese can speak better English than the Hong Kong people”. End of discussion.
香港在過去,也大大得利於它的雙語能力。相較之下,中國上海這個巨型城市,永遠也無法取代過去香港對中國的經濟角色。我猶記得新加坡前總理李光耀的一針見血評論。多年前在造訪台灣時,記者問他:「你能預見上海有一天取代香港嗎」?「絕不可能!」李光耀回答。「為什麼呢」?這裡就看出語言的力量了,「因為我根本看不到上海人的英文能力有超過香港人的一天」。討論就此結束。
Taiwan is good at technology as well as in many other aspects. It produces over 50% of the high-end semiconductor chips for the world’s high-end industrial and military uses, and it also designs at least 25% of the chips for world’s daily electronic devices. Which means, should Taiwan’s economic activities be disrupted by a hostile party , or even worse, should the island country fall under a hostile party’s control, as a consequence, the entire world would be affected severely, even to the point of functionally inoperative.
台灣在科技上很行,其他方面也不錯。在世界的高端工業及軍事應用中,台灣生產的高端半導體晶片佔比超過50%。在日常生活的電子設備上,台灣設計的晶片也至少佔比25%。這意味著,若台灣的經濟活動被某個敵意方擾亂,或在更糟情況下台灣這個島嶼國家落入敵意方的控制,後果將嚴重波及整個世界,甚至導致世界在功能上無法運作。
On top of that, Taiwan is ingenious in meeting unconventional demands for outlandish components. The most apparent case would be that of the birth of Tesla. When Elon Musk couldn’t get designers and factories from other parts of the world to risk making his non-heard-of components, he came to Taiwan and found willing and capable suppliers. Without the ingenuity of Taiwan’s able engineers, Tesla’s EV could have been delayed for many more years and might even have missed its first-to-market timing.
此外,台灣在非傳統、奇思妙想的零組件領域也很高明。最顯著的例子就是特斯拉的誕生。當伊隆馬斯克在世界其他地方碰壁、沒有工廠和設計師願意為他冒險製造那些聽都沒聽過的零組件的時候,他來到台灣找到了出路和供應商。沒有台灣的這份高明和工程師,特斯拉的電動車可能延誤多年,甚至失去市場首發的時機。
In the political arena, Taiwan has been firmly placed in the first tier among countries of democracy. To be fair, Taiwanese citizens still stand eager for eliminating the residual, inherited authoritarian elements in its political system; however, from a global standpoint, the mere presence of this remaining endeavor, by itself, proves that Taiwan has already passed the point of no return of an evolving democratic country.
在政治競技場,台灣已經被牢牢放在了民主國家的前列。但還是得公平地說,台灣公民還在熱切得期待把自己政治體制中那些殘留的、繼承來的威權成份加以剷除。然而從全球眼光來看,這種熱切現象的本身,就足以證明台灣作為一個民主還在演化的國家,在道路上已經沒有回頭餘地了。
In any aspect, Taiwan should have received a much higher level of acknowledgement from the international community than what it gets now. It makes people wonder why it didn’t.
無論哪個角度,台灣都應該得到比現在更高的國際認可和關注。這讓人感到奇怪,為什麼不是這樣呢?
Sure, one can blame the “Cut-Taiwan-off-the-World” program that the neighboring CCP (Chinese Communist Party) exercised. But blaming is not productive, not in everyday life nor in politics. We need self-assertive solutions much more than airing complaints.
當然,我們可以歸咎於中共的「切斷台灣的世界聯繫」招數。但是,歸咎往往是不起積極作用的,在生活中如此,在政治上也一樣。自我斷然提出解決方案,遠比時時抱怨要重要的多。
Citizens in Taiwan need to be able to speak out for Taiwan, not waiting for others to speak for it. To speak out to the world, you need languages! Presently, over 90% of the citizens on this island write and speak in just one language : the written Mandarin Character and the spoken Mandarin plus dialects.
台灣公民有必要自己為台灣發聲,而不是只等待第三方替台灣發聲。既然要自己對世界發聲,那就需要語言(國力)!當前,90%的台灣公民只會用單一的語種書寫和表達:書面的華文系方塊字,和華語加上數種方言。
This causes consequences in two-folds. On the political side, when Taiwan citizens shout in Mandarin, only people who understand Mandarin in other parts of the world can know what Taiwan is shouting for. Sadly, 96% of those who understand are under the firewall enclosure in China. Furthermore, Taiwanese messages are being censored, twisted and manipulated by the CCP in order to prevent its subjects from hearing it.
這造成了雙重後果。在政治面,當台灣公民用華語呼喊時,世界上只有聽得懂華語的人知道台灣在呼喊什麼。遺憾的是,96%聽得懂華語的人被鎖在中國的防火牆內。更糟的是,中共為了防止其控制的人民聽懂,持續不斷得堵絕、扭曲、操弄來自台灣的訊息。
On the economy side, although the top-layer of the academics, businessmen and technical elites are all quite proficient with a second language, mostly English or Japanese, the majority of the able engineers and middle managers in Taiwan cannot communicate efficiently enough to bring out their personal or organizational potentials.
在經濟面,雖然頂端的學術工作者、企業家、技術精英都有不錯的外語能力,例如英文或日文,但是大多數的能幹工程師和中層管理者,還無法有效的通過外語溝通以展示他們自身或組織的真實潛力。
It’s such an obvious yet ignored national issue : Taiwan needs bilingualism for its political sustainability and economic prosperity. A thriving bilingualism in Taiwan can be achieved by flipping its mentality towards education, or by changing its attitudes towards “outsiders” and installing a more open-minded immigration policy.
如此明顯的國家級議題卻遭到忽視:台灣的政治可持續及經濟的繁榮,非需要「雙語國力」不可。若想如火如荼的推動雙語國力,有兩條路可走,一是翻轉其對教育之心態,或改變對「外來者」的態度、建立一套更開放的移民政策。
Either way, Taiwan must implement a bold and innovative approach to this “force of language” challenge. And that approach can start today. Are you ready? Yes, I meant YOU!
不論採哪一種方式,台灣對這「語言國力」的挑戰,必須實施一種既大膽又創新的路數。今天就可以開始,你準備好了嗎?沒錯,說的就是你!
* 更多有關台灣之未來,請往 《范疇 前哨預策網》InsightFan.com
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* 註冊為追蹤會員,支持一個永遠獨立、終身不受任何政治體制管
束、推動台灣世界地位、思考人類文明未來的園地
半導體 layer 在 Cadence Taiwan-益華電腦 Facebook 的最讚貼文
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半導體 layer 在 半導體產業討論區(元件物理與製程、IC Design 與EDA) 的必吃
GDS layer Name and Data Type 各位先進前輩好,想請問,我們看Layout GDS 檔的時候會顯示的(0:0) (0:5) (9:31) 之類的數字編碼,這些數字有對應到甚麼意義嗎? ... <看更多>
半導體 layer 在 ADI CD、半導體layer在PTT/mobile01評價與討論 的必吃
半導體layer 在PTT/mobile01評價與討論, 提供ADI CD、半導體layer、cd-sem是什麼就來銀行資訊懶人包,有最完整半導體layer體驗分享訊息. ... <看更多>
半導體 layer 在 [心得] 半導體黃光製程工作內容分享- 精華區NCKU_PHY_T-T 的必吃
(一) 製程概觀
參考書籍: Introduction to Semiconductor Manufacturing Technology by Xiao
半導體製程主要分六個module, 分別是: 微影 (lithography) , 蝕刻 (etching) ,
薄膜 (thin film), 擴散 (diffusion), 離子植入 (ion implant),
與 化學機械研磨 (chemical mechanical polishing).
可以將電晶體的製程想成蓋房子,首先製作STI (shallow trench isolation)區分
發揮電性的silocon與絕緣的silicon oxide.植入離子產生N/P well.製作poly
gate當做電晶體的開關,接著製作contact,填入金屬稱為plug,一層層的metal line
蓋上去成為電路,每層metal layer間以via連接,最後有passivation layer保護.
習慣上把contact以前稱為FEOL (front end of line,前段),contact稱為
MEOL (middle end of line,中段),metal開始稱為BEOL (Back end of line,
後段).
其中,微影也常被稱為黃光,一部分原因是因為光阻中的PAG (photo-induced acid
generator,曝光後產生酸,接著採取連鎖反應.)怕白光,所以無塵室內微影區是以黃
光照明.黃光工程師的工作是以光阻曝光產生固定的pattern後,接著利用蝕刻將其
轉印在晶圓上(如oxide, poly, metal, via layer, layer前的名字代表將產生半導體內
的哪個單位).也有可能是光阻曝光後, 利用implant將ion植入silicon產生電性
(implant layer,其中包含: well, LDD, S/D, cell, I/O).與photo (黃光)合作關係
最密切的就是etch與implant.
(二) 黃光工作內容
(二-1)
參考書籍:
1. Sub-Half-Micron Lithography for ULSls by K.SUZUKI
2. Fundamental Principles of Optical Lithography: The
Science of Microfabrication by Mack
3. Advanced Processes for 193-nm Immersion Lithography
by Y. Wei and R. L. Brainard
4. Optical Lithography: Here is Why by B. J. Lin
5. Microlithography: Science and Technology by K. Suzuki and etl.
在介紹內容之前,要先解釋一下光罩的區別.依據製程與layout的差別,我們將光罩分
為Bright field Dark tone如Oxide, poly layer,與Dark field bright tone如
metal, via layer.簡單的想法就是,以oxide為例,我們要將大部分的光阻都曝開
才能往下etch製作STI,所以稱為bright field.對metal而言,我們是將少部分的光阻
曝開往下etch,接著填入metal,所以稱為dark field.了解這個差別,較容易進
一步了解各個layer所需要的pattern與解defect的recipe的調整.
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